Mycoplasma suis Alpha-Enolase Subunit Vaccine Induces an Immune Response in Experimental Animals

Abstract

Recombinant protein technology has emerged as an excellent option for vaccine development. However, prior to our study, the immune induction ability of recombinant Mycoplasma suis alpha-enolase (rMseno) in animals remained unclear. The purpose of this study was to develop a rMseno protein subunit vaccine and to determine its ability to elicit an immunological response. To accomplish this, we cloned the gene into pET-15b, expressed it in BL21 cells, and purified it. Following the establishment of immunity, the immunogenicity and potential for protection of rMseno were evaluated in mice and piglets. The results demonstrate that anti-M. suis serum recognized the pure rMseno protein in both mice and piglets as evidenced by high levels of specific anti-rMseno antibodies, significantly increased levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines, and significantly increased T lymphocyte proliferation index. Piglets also had significantly increased levels of specific IgG1, IgG2a, CD4+, and CD8+ cells. The rMseno findings demonstrated a robust immunological response in mice and piglets, affording partial clinical protective efficacy in piglets.

Entamoeba histolytica: Membrane and Non-Membrane Protein Structure, Function, Immune Response Interaction, and Vaccine Development

“…In mice, immunizations with rMseno caused increased levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines and increased the T lymphocyte proliferation index [90]. Meanwhile, in piglets, the results showed an increased level of specific IgG1, IgG2a, CD4, and CD8 cells [90]. A study by Téllez-Martínez et al ( 2019) [91] demonstrated that BALB/c mice, immunized with enolase-based vaccine and Montanide PetGel A (PGA) as an adjuvant, demonstrated a strong specific Th1 response and protective immunity against Sporothrix schenckii.…”

“…There are only studies of enolase from different organisms to be found. In a study by Xue et al (2021) [90] mice and piglets were immunized using recombinant Mycoplasma suis alpha-enolase (rMseno). In mice, immunizations with rMseno caused increased levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines and increased the T lymphocyte proliferation index [90].…”

“…In a study by Xue et al (2021) [90] mice and piglets were immunized using recombinant Mycoplasma suis alpha-enolase (rMseno). In mice, immunizations with rMseno caused increased levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines and increased the T lymphocyte proliferation index [90]. Meanwhile, in piglets, the results showed an increased level of specific IgG1, IgG2a, CD4, and CD8 cells [90].…”

Evaluation of the protective efficacy of six major immunogenic proteins of Mycoplasma Synoviae

“…For example, DnaK from Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae elicits strong humoral and cellular immune responses ( 24 , 25 ). In Mycoplasma suis and Streptococcus suis , the enolase induces a robust immunological response and provides protective efficacy ( 26 , 27 ). Mice immunized with EF-Tu subunit vaccines are protected from Streptococcus suis or Streptococcus pneumoniae challenge ( 28 , 29 ).…”

Novel antigenic proteins of Mycoplasma synoviae as potential vaccine candidates

“…Because of safe, cost-effective and efficacious, subunit vaccine has promising applications compared to other vaccines. In recent years, the development of subunit vaccines has been carried out in other mycoplasma diseases 6,7 . Subunit vaccine has been extremely difficult to acquire due to the lack of understanding of M. synoviae proteins.…”