Mycoremediation of hydrocarbons with basidiomycetes—a review

Abstract

The literature on hydrocarbon remediation with basidiomycetes was reviewed. Two ecological groups are considered for bioremediation, the saprotrophic basidiomycetes (white-rot and brown-rot fungi) and the ectomycorrhizal basidiomycetes. A remarkable capacity of basidiomycetes for in vitro degradation of simple and recalcitrant hydrocarbons, such as PAH, persistent organic pollutants (POPs), halogenated HC, aromatic HC and phenols, explosives and dyes was reported for many species. However, there is a need for more studies on the practical feasibility of field applications with basidiomycetes.

Editorial: Mycorrhizosphere Communication: Mycorrhizal Fungi and Endophytic Fungus-Plant Interactions

“…The re-introduction of protective microbes can be achieved through bioaugmentation strategies, which allow them to create optimal conditions for crop growth under harsh conditions (see Treu and Falandysz, 2017) and a reduction in the use of water, fertilizers, and pesticides. The most common plant inhabitants are endophytes that, when properly selected, can be a potent tool against pathogens and abiotic factors (see French, 2017).…”

Stable and transient transformation, and a promoter assay in the selective lignin-degrading fungus, Ceriporiopsis subvermispora

“…White rot fungi belong to the Basidiomycetes and are important research materials in industrial applications such as the pretreatment of lignocellulose in biorefinery (Sawada et al 1995; Chandel et al 2015) or the bioremediation of polluted environments (Fitzgibbon et al 1995; Kües 2015; Treu and Falandysz 2017). Transformation systems have been developed for some white rot fungi, like P. ostreatus (Peng et al 1992; Honda et al 2000) and Phanerochaete chrysosporium (Alic et al 1989), and have been used for the functional analysis of genes related to plant biomass degradation (Irie et al 2001b; Tsukihara et al 2008; Salame et al 2012; Nakazawa et al 2017).…”

Mycoremediation in Soil

“…The most suitable fungi to be used in soil remediation are basidiomycetes and, in particular, the ecological groups of saprotrophic and biotrophic fungi [17].…”

“…The biotrophic basidiomycetes comprehend ectomycorrhizas which obtain the carbon source from a mutualistic plant partner: the fungal hyphal network envelopes the root and penetrates between the cells of the root cortex [17]. Ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECM) can assemble and recycle the nutrients from the organic matter of the soil [23].…”

“…The biodegradation capability of different hydrocarbon classes such as mineral oils, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), monoaromatic hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons (CHCs), together with phenols, was demonstrated for many fungal species [17]. Moreover, the possibility to decrease the risk associated with heavy metals, metalloids and radionuclides in soil has been described [16].…”