Mycorrhiza-induced differential response to a yellows disease in tomato

Lingua, Graziano; D’Agostino, Giovanni; Massa, Nadia; Antosiano, Michele; Berta, Graziella

doi:10.1007/s00572-002-0171-z

Cited by 95 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…L. asiaticusinfected citrus were reduced after the application of Pi. In the case of phytoplasmas, although the correlation between Pi and the disease symptoms remains unclear, the disease symptoms in phytoplasma-infected plants could be reduced by the application of AM fungi (Lingua et al, 2002;Romanazzi et al, 2009;Kami nska et al, 2010;Sampò et al, 2012). AM fungi are symbiotic organisms that are able to enhance the uptake of Pi through up-regulation of Pi starvation responses in host plants (Branscheid et al, 2010;Gu et al, 2010;Volpe et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transgenic Plants That Express the Phytoplasma Effector SAP11 Show Altered Phosphate Starvation and Defense Responses

Cheng

et al. 2014

Plant Physiol.

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Phytoplasmas have the smallest genome among bacteria and lack many essential genes required for biosynthetic and metabolic functions, making them unculturable, phloem-limited plant pathogens. In this study, we observed that transgenic Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) expressing the secreted Aster Yellows phytoplasma strain Witches' Broom protein11 shows an altered root architecture, similarly to the disease symptoms of phytoplasma-infected plants, by forming hairy roots. This morphological change is paralleled by an accumulation of cellular phosphate (Pi) and an increase in the expression levels of Pi starvation-induced genes and microRNAs. In addition to the Pi starvation responses, we found that secreted Aster Yellows phytoplasma strain Witches' Broom protein11 suppresses salicylic acid-mediated defense responses and enhances the growth of a bacterial pathogen. These results contribute to an improved understanding of the role of phytoplasma effector SAP11 and provide new insights for understanding the molecular basis of plant-pathogen interactions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Colonization by AM fungi can modify the plants' root architecture and enhance the uptake of mineral nutrients, in particular Pi (Gu et al, 2011;Volpe et al, 2013). Interestingly, several studies also reported that AM fungi reduce the disease symptoms caused by phytoplasmas (Lingua et al, 2002;Romanazzi et al, 2009;Kami nska et al, 2010;Sampò et al, 2012).…”

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confidence: 99%

Transgenic Plants That Express the Phytoplasma Effector SAP11 Show Altered Phosphate Starvation and Defense Responses

Cheng

et al. 2014

Plant Physiol.

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“…Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form associations with the roots of the vast majority of land plants; the fungus colonizes the roots and forms arbuscules within root cortical cells thus improving plant nutrient uptake, especially phosphorus (Smith & Read 1997). Moreover, increasing evidence shows that symbiotic fungi contribute to plant adaptation to multiple biotic and abiotic stresses (Gohre & Paszkowski 2006, Lebeau et al 2008, Lingua et al 2002, Liu et al 2007, Rodriguez & Redman 2008, Smith et al 2010). In the case of HMs, the beneficial ef-fect varies according to plant and fungal species, metal and concentration (Bois et al 2005, Lebeau et al 2008, Takacs et al 2005, Todeschini et al 2007.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi as a tool to ameliorate the phytoremediation potential of poplar: biochemical and molecular aspects

Cicatelli¹,

Torrigiani²,

Todeschini³

et al. 2014

iForest

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© iForest -Biogeosciences and Forestry IntroductionMany large areas around the world are contaminated with heavy metals (HMs) and/or organic compounds; most of these have not been remediated due to the high cost and technical drawbacks of currently available technologies. HMs tend to accumulate in soils and aquatic sediments and can enter the food chain leading to the biomagnification phenomenon thereby representing a risk to the environment and to human health (Clijsters et al. 1999). Some essential elements, such as copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), may be present in soils and waters at potentially toxic levels mainly as a result of agricultural and industrial practices (Ali et al. 2004).Alternative techniques for the clean-up of polluted soil and water, such as the cost-effective and less disruptive phytoremediation, have gained acceptance in recent years (Pilon-Smits 2005, Thewys et al. 2010. Trees have been suggested as suitable for phytoremediation due to their high biomass production (Dickinson & Pulford 2005) and because tree plantations can be multi-purpose (Tognetti et al. 2013). Poplar has many characteristics suitable for phytoremediation: a fast rate of growth, a deep and wide-spreading root system and a metal-resistance trait (Aronsson & Perttu 2001, Di Baccio et al. 2011, Punshon & Dickinson 1997, Sebastiani et al. 2004). In Italy, P. alba (white poplar) and P. nigra (black poplar) populations of the Ticino river valley constitute a hotspot of biodiversity (Castiglione et al. 2009, Fossati et al. 2004. Their genetic variability is being exploited for the selection of genotypes having interesting traits, such as tolerance to pollutants. The remarkable clonal variability of poplar allows to identify genotypes with a greater ability to accumulate/tolerate pollutants including heavy metals , Kopponen et al. 2001, Laureysens et al. 2004, Punshon & Dickinson 1997, Zalesny et al. 2005. Finally, poplar offers the advantage that, being the first "model tree species" whose genome has been sequenced (Tuskan et al. 2004), physiological and molecular mechanisms at the basis of metal tolerance can be more easily investigated at the transcriptomic level (Di Baccio et al. 2011).Plant symbiotic fungi, such as mycorrhizae, and soil bacteria can confer increased tolerance to stress (Gamalero et al. 2009). Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form associations with the roots of the vast majority of land plants; the fungus colonizes the roots and forms arbuscules within root cortical cells thus improving plant nutrient uptake, especially phosphorus (Smith & Read 1997). Moreover, increasing evidence shows that symbiotic fungi contribute to plant adaptation to multiple biotic and abiotic stresses (Gohre & Paszkowski 2006, Lebeau et al. 2008, Lingua et al. 2002, Liu et al. 2007, Rodriguez & Redman 2008, Smith et al. 2010). In the case of HMs, the beneficial ef- Poplar is a suitable species for phytoremediation, able to tolerate high concentrations of heavy metals (HMs). Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form symbiotic associatio...

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“…Finally, several studies have observed a positive effect of the symbiosis on plant resistance to other shoot pathogens. In tomato, AM reduced disease symptoms caused by a phytoplasma and conferred protection against the necrotrophic fungus Alternaria solani (Lingua et al 2002 ;Fritz et al 2006 ;de la Noval et al 2007) . Similarly, colonisation by Glomus mosseae reduces disease symptoms and proliferation of Pseudomonas syringae in tomato leaves (J. García-Andrade and M.J. Pozo, unpublished results).…”

Section: Mycorrhiza-induced Resistance Against Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Priming Plant Defence Against Pathogens by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

Pozo

Verhage

García-Andrade

et al. 2008

Mycorrhizas - Functional Processes and Ecological Impact

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Root colonisation by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can improve plant resistance/tolerance to biotic stresses. Although this bioprotection has been amply described in different plant systems, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Besides mechanisms such as improved plant nutrition and competition, experimental evidence supports the involvement of plant defence mechanisms in the observed protection. During mycorrhiza establishment, modulation of plant defence responses occurs upon recognition of the AMF in order to achieve a functional symbiosis. As a consequence of this modulation, a mild, but effective activation of the plant immune responses may occur, not only locally but also systemically. This activation leads to a primed state of the plant that allows a more efficient activation of defence mechanisms in response to attack by potential enemies.

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Mycorrhiza-induced differential response to a yellows disease in tomato

Cited by 95 publications

References 42 publications

Transgenic Plants That Express the Phytoplasma Effector SAP11 Show Altered Phosphate Starvation and Defense Responses

Transgenic Plants That Express the Phytoplasma Effector SAP11 Show Altered Phosphate Starvation and Defense Responses

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi as a tool to ameliorate the phytoremediation potential of poplar: biochemical and molecular aspects

Priming Plant Defence Against Pathogens by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

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