Mycorrhizal fungi associated with plants in ground-water fed wetlands

Turner, Stephen D.; Amon, James P.; Schneble, Robert M.; Friese, Carl F.

doi:10.1672/0277-5212(2000)020[0200:mfawpi]2.0.co;2

Cited by 60 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…These fungi may constitute only a small part of the fungal biomass although they are easily detected by traditional cultivation methods (e.g., Fritze and Bååth 1993, Artz et al 2007, Lindahl and Boberg 2008. Similarly, no arbuscular-mycorrhizal (AM) fungi (Glomeromycota) were detected among the sites although they are common in nutrient-rich fens (Wolfe et al 2007) where they form mutualistic associations with plants such as sedges (Turner et al 2000).…”

Section: Fungal Communitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typical macrofungal genera identified from boreal peatlands are Cortinarius, Galerina, Hypholoma, Mycena, Collybia and Omphalina (Salonen and Saari 1990). These genera include litter or wood saprotrophs and mycorrhizal fungi, which are also an important component of groundwater-driven ecosystems such as fens and wet meadows (Turner et al 2000). A great diversity of ECM fungi was found in peatlands (Salo 1993).…”

Section: Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aerobic carbon-cycle related microbial communities in boreal peatlands: responses to water-level drawdown

Peltoniemi¹

2010

Diss. For.

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Boreal peatlands represent a considerable portion of the global carbon (C) pool. These environments are vulnerable to changes in water level (WL), which can vary dramatically in response to climate or land-use change. Water-level drawdown (WLD) causes peatland drying and induces a vegetation change, which in turn affects the decomposition of soil organic matter and the release of greenhouse gases (CO 2 and CH 4 ) into the atmosphere. The objective of this thesis was to study the microbial communities related to the C cycle and their response to WLD in two boreal peatlands.The first study site (Lakkasuo) is a boreal peatland complex that was partly drained in 1961 to investigate the long-term effects of WLD, and includes three site types with different nutrient levels. At the same location, an experiment simulating the predicted effect of climate change was carried out in 2001 to study the short-term effects of WLD. The second study site (Suonukkasuo) is a boreal fen with a WL gradient caused by a groundwater extraction plant; the undisturbed fen grades into a pine-dominated peatland forest. Microbial communities were studied with phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis, PCR-DGGE and multivariate analysis.Both sampling depth and site type had a strong impact on all microbial communities. In general, bacteria dominated the deeper layers of the nutrient-rich fen and the wettest surfaces of the nutrient-poor bog sites, whereas fungi seemed more abundant in the drier surfaces of the nutrient-poor bog. WLD clearly affected the microbial communities but the effect was dependent on site type. Fungi and Gram-negative bacteria seemed to benefit and actinobacteria to suffer from the WLD in the fens. The fungal and methane-oxidizing bacteria (MOB) community composition changed at all sites but the actinobacterial community response was apparent only in the nutrientrich fen after WLD.The actinobacterial response to WLD was minor compared to that of the fungal community. The response was greatest in the nutrient-rich fen and least in the nutrient-poor bog. Microbial communities became more similar among sites after long-term WLD. Litter quality had a large impact on community composition, whereas the effects of site type and WLD were relatively minor. The decomposition rate of fresh organic matter was influenced slightly by actinobacteria, but not at all by fungi. Overall, the results were in line with patterns of vegetation change in the study sites.Field respiration measurements in the northern fen indicated that short term WLD accelerates the decomposition of soil organic matter. In addition, a correlation between activity and certain fungal sequences indicated that community composition affects the decomposition of old organic matter in deeper layers of the peat profile. Fungal sequences were matched to taxa capable of utilizing a broad range of substrates. Most of the actinobacterial sequences could not be matched to characterized taxa in reference databases. WLD had a negative impact on CH 4 oxidation, especiall...

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Section: Fungal Communitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobic carbon-cycle related microbial communities in boreal peatlands: responses to water-level drawdown

Peltoniemi¹

2010

Diss. For.

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“…Basidiomycetes-related sequences showed similarity to genera containing ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi (e.g., Clavaria, Russula, Lactarius), wood-decomposers (Cymatoderma and Panus) and cellulose-litter decomposers (Mycena and Baeosphora) (Lindahl and Boberg, 2008). Sequences related to phylum Glomeromycota, arbuscularmycorrhizal (AM) fungi were not obtained although they form mutualistic associations with fen plants such as sedges (Turner et al, 2000); however, they are probably more common in more nutrient-rich fens (Wolfe et al, 2007).…”

Section: Fungal and Actinobacterial Sequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of fungal and actinobacterial communities to water-level drawdown in boreal peatland sites

Peltoniemi

Fritze

Laiho

2009

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

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We used PCR-DGGE fingerprinting and direct sequencing to analyse the response of fungal and actinobacterial communities to changing hydrological conditions at 3 different sites in a boreal peatland complex in Finland. The experimental design involved a shortterm (3 yrs; STD) and a long-term (43 yrs; LTD) water-level drawdown. Correspondence analyses of DGGE bands revealed differences in the communities between natural sites representing the nutrient-rich mesotrophic fen, the nutrient-poorer oligotrophic fen, and the nutrient-poor ombrotrophic bog. Still, most fungi and actinobacteria found in the pristine peatland seemed robust to the environmental variables. Both fungal and actinobacterial diversity was higher in the fens than in the bog. Fungal diversity increased significantly after STD whereas actinobacterial diversity did not respond to hydrology. Both fungal and actinobacterial communities became more similar between peatland types after LTD, which was not apparent after STD. Most sequences clustered equally between the two main fungal phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. Sequencing revealed that basidiomycetes may respond more (either positively or negatively) to hydrological changes than ascomycetes. Overall, our results suggest that fungal responses to waterlevel drawdown depend on peatland type. Actinobacteria seem to be less sensitive to hydrological changes, although the response of some may similarly depend on peatland type.

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“…Early studies described many wetland plants as non-mycorrhizal (e.g., Khan 1974;Anderson et al 1984). However, the AM colonization of several hydrophytic species has been reported (Brown and Bledsoe 1996; Turner et al 2000;Bohrer et al 2004), and rice plants form arbuscular mycorrhiza; yield of AM rice plants improves even when they are flooded (Solaiman and Hirata 1997). Arsenic accumulation is a major problem in rice cultivation because of the toxic and carcinogenic effects of this element.…”

Section: Intraradices)mentioning

confidence: 99%