Mycorrhizal networks facilitate the colonization of legume roots by a symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacterium

Abstract

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Exploiting Biological Nitrogen Fixation: A Route Towards a Sustainable Agriculture

“…Soil microorganisms such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are known to have significant positive effect on BNF by direct and/or indirect interaction with N-fixing microorganisms. Indeed, AMF play a significant role in uptake of water and nutrients from soil [130] necessary to generate energy required for BNF [131] Moreover, through their hyphal networks, AMF can facilitate the colonization of legume roots by symbiotic N-fixing bacteria [132], as well as the transfer of nutrients and symbiotically fixed N between similar or dissimilar plants [133,134]. On the other hand, bacteria can also be beneficial to AMF.…”

Microbial Interactions Within Multiple-Strain Biological Control Agents Impact Soil-Borne Plant Disease

“…In a recent study, Zhang et al (2020) showed that rhizobia use mycelia of Phomopsis liquidambaris as dispersal networks to migrate into legume rhizospheres and to trigger nodulation. Extraradical mycelium formed by the mycorrhiza fungus Glomus formosanum CNPAB020 can facilitate the translocation of Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens USDA 110 in the rhizosphere ( de Novais et al, 2020 ) in addition to its main activity in nutrient transfer. Prokaryotic cells are able to facilitate dispersal of non-motile asexual fungal spores as well ( Figure 1B ).…”

Possible role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and associated bacteria in the recruitment of endophytic bacterial communities by plant roots

“…An in vivo study reported, for the first time, that AMF hyphae may act as "transport agents" or "highways" for bacteria. Indeed, a gfp-tagged nitrogen-fixing rhizobial strain, Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens, was able to tightly adhere to Glomus formosanum hyphae, facilitating bacterial translocation to their legume host plant and the formation of N-fixing nodules in the root system (de Novais et al 2020). Recently, Illumina MiSeq metagenome sequencing allowed the identification of 276 bacterial genera, belonging to 165 families, 107 orders, and 23 phyla, mostly represented by Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria, associated with Rhizoglomus irregulare commercial inoculum.…”

“…As the physiological status of plants is altered when they are mycorrhizal (e.g., photosynthesis, nutrition and growth, phenology, health) (Smith and Read 2008), certain groups of endophytic bacteria might find specific conditions best suited for their growth and development and thus might be favored in colonization of such a privileged ecological niche. On the other hand, they may gain facilitated access to root tissues during AMF establishment through their close association with AMF hyphae (Toljander et al 2006;de Novais et al 2020). These two mechanisms may act simultaneously, and it will be difficult to discriminate between them.…”