Mycotic Infection of the Stomach

Bearse, Carl; Pollock, Leo H.

doi:10.1097/00000658-193608000-00002

Cited by 3 publications

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“…Previous studies, dating back to 1936 or earlier, demonstrated that microscopic observation of fungi in biopsy specimens from gastric ulcer is an important indication of disease. It was proposed that fungi typical oval morphology might change to hyphae when colonizing the tissues (Bearse and Pollock, 1936 ). However, more recent reports proposed that most dimorphic fungi that are human pathogens, invade tissues by budding and form filamentous hyphae in the external environment (Gow et al, 2002 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This conclusion was drawn from the known fact that an acidic environment of normal human stomach could kill the microbes which enter through oral cavity (Howden and Hunt, 1987 ; Martinsen et al, 2005 ; Delgado et al, 2013 ; Yang et al, 2013 ; Wang et al, 2014 ). Accordingly, some investigators described the fungal infection of the stomach as a rare phenomenon with no correlation with gastric diseases (Bearse and Pollock, 1936 ; Gorbach et al, 1967 ; Minoli et al, 1984 ; von Rosenvinge et al, 2013 ), although others presented the consensus of opinion that fungal infection could lead to gastritis and gastric ulcer and thus should be taken seriously and cured. Consistent with the latter, many investigators reported the isolation of Candida yeast from gastric ulcers (Bearse and Pollock, 1936 ; Kalogeropoulos and Whitehead, 1988 ; Zwolinska-Wcislo et al, 2001a ; Sasaki, 2013 ) and gastritis cases (Zwolinska-Wcislo et al, 2001b ; Kumamoto, 2011 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly, some investigators described the fungal infection of the stomach as a rare phenomenon with no correlation with gastric diseases (Bearse and Pollock, 1936 ; Gorbach et al, 1967 ; Minoli et al, 1984 ; von Rosenvinge et al, 2013 ), although others presented the consensus of opinion that fungal infection could lead to gastritis and gastric ulcer and thus should be taken seriously and cured. Consistent with the latter, many investigators reported the isolation of Candida yeast from gastric ulcers (Bearse and Pollock, 1936 ; Kalogeropoulos and Whitehead, 1988 ; Zwolinska-Wcislo et al, 2001a ; Sasaki, 2013 ) and gastritis cases (Zwolinska-Wcislo et al, 2001b ; Kumamoto, 2011 ). Furthermore, the discovery of H. pylori (Marshall and Warren, 1984 ) and also the recognition of the bacterial genera such as Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, Propionibacterium , and staphylococcus in the stomach of healthy individuals (Delgado et al, 2013 ) revealed that the human stomach could serve as a specialized niche for certain microorganisms despite the occurrence of acidic pH and digestive enzymes (Bik et al, 2006 ; Li et al, 2009 ; Delgado et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Helicobacter pylori Infection, Aging, and Consumption of Proton Pump Inhibitor on Fungal Colonization in the Stomach of Dyspeptic Patients

et al. 2016

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Background: The importance of coinfection of Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) and Candida albicans (C. albicans) in the development of gastric diseases is not known. In this study, the frequency of concurrent infection of H. pylori and C. albicans in dyspeptic patients was assessed while considering age, gender, and PPI consumption of patients.Methods: Gastric biopsies were taken from 74 yeast-positive dyspeptic patients and gastric disease, age, gender, and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) consumption of subjects were recorded. One antral biopsy was used for rapid urease test (RUT) and one for H. pylori and yeast cultivation and smear preparation. Bacterial isolates were identified according to spiral morphology and the biochemical characteristics. Yeast isolates were identified on Chromagar and by the Nested-PCR amplification of C. albicans-specific topoisomerase II gene. Twenty-seven biopsy smears were Gram-stained and examined by the light microscope for observing H. pylori and yeast cells. Conclusion:The older age and PPI consumption could favor fungal colonization in the human stomach. The occurrence of a considerable number of H. pylori-positive or H. pylori-negative patients with gastritis or peptic ulcer shows that co-infection of Candida and H. pylori or infection of yeast alone could be associated with dyspeptic diseases. The occurrence of yeast cells in gastric biopsies with different Gram's reactions indicates that fungi might change their cell wall components for establishing a persistent colonization in the stomach.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Helicobacter pylori Infection, Aging, and Consumption of Proton Pump Inhibitor on Fungal Colonization in the Stomach of Dyspeptic Patients

et al. 2016

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Mycotic infections of the stomach

Bearse¹

1938

Am. J. Dig. Dis.

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Review article: fungal microbiota and digestive diseases

Wang

Yang

Stefka

et al. 2014

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

108

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Summary Background The role of the fungal microbiota in digestive diseases is poorly defined, but is becoming better understood due to advances in metagenomics. Aim To review the gastrointestinal fungal microbiota and its relationship with digestive diseases. Methods Search of the literature using PubMed and MEDLINE databases. Subject headings including ‘fungal‐bacterial interactions’, ‘mycotoxins’, ‘immunity to fungi’, ‘fungal infection’, ‘fungal microbiota’, ‘mycobiome’ and ‘digestive diseases’ were used. Results The fungal microbiota is an integral part of the gastrointestinal microecosystem with up to 106 microorganisms per gram of faeces. Next‐generation sequencing of the fungal 18S rRNA gene has allowed better characterisation of the gastrointestinal mycobiome. Numerous interactions between fungi and bacteria and the complex immune response to gastrointestinal commensal or pathogenic fungi all impact on the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease and other gastrointestinal inflammatory entities such as peptic ulcers. Mycotoxins generated as fungal metabolites contribute to disturbances of gastrointestinal barrier and immune functions and are associated with chronic intestinal inflammatory conditions as well as hepatocellular and oesophagogastric cancer. Systemic and gastrointestinal disease can also lead to secondary fungal infections. Fungal genomic databases and methodologies need to be further developed and will allow a much better understanding of the diversity and function of the mycobiome in gastrointestinal inflammation, tumourigenesis, liver cirrhosis and transplantation, and its alteration as a consequence of antibiotic therapy and chemotherapy. Conclusions The fungal microbiota and its metabolites impact gastrointestinal function and contribute to the pathogenesis of digestive diseases. Further metagenomic analyses of the gastrointestinal mycobiome in health and disease is needed.

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Mycotic Infection of the Stomach

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

The Effect of Helicobacter pylori Infection, Aging, and Consumption of Proton Pump Inhibitor on Fungal Colonization in the Stomach of Dyspeptic Patients

The Effect of Helicobacter pylori Infection, Aging, and Consumption of Proton Pump Inhibitor on Fungal Colonization in the Stomach of Dyspeptic Patients

Mycotic infections of the stomach

Review article: fungal microbiota and digestive diseases

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