Mycotoxicoses

Hoerr, Frederic J.

doi:10.1002/9781119371199.ch31

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…In both, humans and animals, AFB 1 is reported to cause carcinogenic, mutagenic or teratogenic effects, and is therefore categorized as human carcinogen group I [ 6 ]. In a variety of poultry species, such as chickens, turkeys, ducks and quails, certain exposure to high dosages of AFB 1 may induce clinical signs, like mortality, decreased egg production, reduced body weight, and feed efficacy [ 7 ]. However, in practice, AFB 1 is usually detected at low concentrations in poultry feeds, which may lead to subclinical effects, including slightly reduced production, immunosuppression, and vaccination failure [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite many years of research and interventions in pre-harvest, harvest and post-harvest levels, mycotoxins continue to be a considerable threat to the poultry industry [ 7 ]. As harvest practices and storage conditions remain improper, the pursuance of more practical and effective methods to detoxify mycotoxin-contaminated feed and foodstuffs at a farm level become increasingly significant to ameliorate their public and animal health risk issues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of a Novel Multicomponent Mycotoxin Detoxifying Agent in Amelioration of Mycotoxicosis Induced by Aflatoxin-B1 and Ochratoxin A in Broiler Chicks

Tsiouris

Tassis

Raj³

et al. 2021

Toxins

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The present study was designed to determine the efficacy of a novel multicomponent mycotoxin detoxifying agent (MMDA) containing modified zeolite (Clinoptilolite), Bacillus subtilis, B. licheniformis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell walls and silymarin against the deleterious effects of Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and Ochratoxin A (OTA) in broiler chicks. A total of 160 one-day-old Ross 308® broiler chicks were randomly allocated in four treatment groups, with four replicates, according to the following experimental design for 42 days. Group A received a basal diet; Group B received a basal diet contaminated with AFB1 and OTA at 0.1 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg, respectively; Group C received a basal diet contaminated with AFB1 and OTA and MMDA at 1 g/kg feed, and Group D received a basal diet contaminated with AFB1 and OTA and MMDA at 3 g/kg feed. Results showed that ingested mycotoxins led to significant (p ≤ 0.05) reduction in body weight and feed conversion from 25 days of age, induced histopathological changes, increased the pH of the intestinal content, and altered the biochemical profile of birds with significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST) values (p ≤ 0.05). On the other hand, the supplementation of MMDA significantly (p ≤ 0.05) improved the feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the second part of the study, diminished biochemical alterations, reduced pH in jejunal and ileal content, and E. coli counts in the caeca of birds (p ≤ 0.05). It may be concluded that the dietary supplementation of the MMDA partially ameliorated the adverse effects of AFB1 and OTA in broilers and could be an efficient tool in a mycotoxin control program.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of a Novel Multicomponent Mycotoxin Detoxifying Agent in Amelioration of Mycotoxicosis Induced by Aflatoxin-B1 and Ochratoxin A in Broiler Chicks

Tsiouris

Tassis

Raj³

et al. 2021

Toxins

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“…In fumonisin B1 intoxication, multifocal liver necrosis and biliary hyperplasia were previously reported (Ledoux et al 1992, Shlosberg 2008, and it could be included in the list of differentials diagnoses along with aflatoxin and ochratoxin. Analysis of the feed supplied to these chickens would contribute to the definitive diagnosis in these cases (Hoerr 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this intoxication, the liver is often smaller and firm. Histologic lesions are characterized by lipidosis, loss of hepatocytes, fibrosis and biliary hyperplasia (Abdul-Aziz & Fletcher 2016, Hoerr 2020). In addition, in chronic cases, hydropericardium and degenerative kidney lesions may occur (Hoerr 2020), which were also described in the chickens of this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Histologic lesions are characterized by lipidosis, loss of hepatocytes, fibrosis and biliary hyperplasia (Abdul-Aziz & Fletcher 2016, Hoerr 2020). In addition, in chronic cases, hydropericardium and degenerative kidney lesions may occur (Hoerr 2020), which were also described in the chickens of this study. Other causes to be included in the differential diagnosis are toxic plants containing pyrrolizidine alkaloids, particularly seeds of Crotalaria sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatic changes in Gallus gallus domesticus in Brazil

et al. 2022

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The occurrence and the frequency of hepatic changes in chickens, including broiler (BC), layer (LC) and backyard chickens (BYC) were investigated. The retrospective and prospective study (2006-2021) was conducted with a total of 300 cases of liver disorders. Industrial poultry (BC and LC) were frequently affected (88%) and noninfectious changes were the most diagnosed (69%). Considering etiology or conditions, the hepatic changes were classified as follows: degenerative changes (42%), bacterial (28%), metabolic (15%), toxic (8%), viral (3%), neoplastic (2%), protozoal diseases (1.5%) and circulatory disorders (0.5%). Regarding the type of bird, degenerative, toxic changes and viral hepatitis were more frequent in BC. Circulatory and metabolic disorders, as well as bacterial hepatitis, were more frequently diagnosed in LC. Neoplastic and protozoal hepatitis occurred more frequently in BYC. The macroscopic examination in association with histopathology enabled the diagnosis of the hepatic changes in 59% of the cases. Considering bacterial hepatitis in commercial poultry, the etiological diagnosis is highly important, in view of the risk for public health, despite the obvious importance due to the productivity losses and condemnation at processing.

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Toxicology

Rosenbaum¹,

Greenacre²

2021

Backyard Poultry Medicine and Surgery

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Mycotoxicoses

Cited by 9 publications

References 87 publications

Investigation of a Novel Multicomponent Mycotoxin Detoxifying Agent in Amelioration of Mycotoxicosis Induced by Aflatoxin-B1 and Ochratoxin A in Broiler Chicks

Investigation of a Novel Multicomponent Mycotoxin Detoxifying Agent in Amelioration of Mycotoxicosis Induced by Aflatoxin-B1 and Ochratoxin A in Broiler Chicks

Hepatic changes in Gallus gallus domesticus in Brazil

Toxicology

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