Mycotoxin content of organic and conventional oats from southeastern Poland

Kuzdraliński, Adam; Solarska, E.; Mazurkiewicz, Jakub

doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.02.014

Cited by 33 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…(1) Ancova: predicted mean concentrations of T-2 + HT-2 and DON in ploughed and non-ploughed fields adjusted for cereal intensity, significance (p) for ploughing effect. The detected effects of cereal intensity and ploughing on T-2 + HT-2 fit the general pattern found in previous surveys and experiments on oat (Parikka et al 2007;Bernhoft et al 2012;Kuzdraliński et al 2013;Hofgaard et al 2016b;Edwards 2017;Imathiu et al 2017;Schöneberg et al 2018) and on barley (Orlando et al 2010;Schöneberg et al 2016). According to Edwards (2017), the pre-crop effect is cumulative, depends on the sequence of the pre-crops, is stronger with grass than other non-cereal pre-crops and interacts with ploughing.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The inoculum potential of FL is affected by agronomic factors, which is indicated by observed higher average T-2 + HT-2 contamination under non-inversion than inversion tillage in oat (Parikka et al 2007;Bernhoft et al 2010;Kuzdraliński et al 2013;Hofgaard et al 2016b;Edwards 2017;Imathiu et al 2017;Schöneberg et al 2018) and barley (Orlando et al 2010;Schöneberg et al 2016). Oat residue may be carrying more FL to the next season than the residues from other cereals because oat is the most susceptible cereal species to FL (Opoku et al 2018) and the residue of oat turned to the soil surface has been found to increase T-2 + HT-2 contamination (Edwards 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contrasting responses of T-2, HT-2 and DON mycotoxins and Fusarium species in oat to climate, weather, tillage and cereal intensity

et al. 2019

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Analysis of survey data from 804 spring-oat fields divided into five climatic regions suggested that low inoculum level of Fusarium langsethiae was a major limiter of T-2 + HT-2. A 30-year climate with a cool and rainy 10-day period preceding estimated mid-anthesis and a warm 3-week period following anthesis were positively associated with T-2 + HT-2 contamination. In 12 survey years, warm weather from 4 weeks before GS65 until harvesting increased T-2 + HT-2, except in the 1-2 weeks preceding mid-anthesis, when the requirement for high humidity dominated. F. langsethiae and F. sporotrichioides were consistently promoted by high temperature from mid-anthesis onwards. A positive response of T-2 + HT-2 to high humidity peaked 5-10 days earlier and was shorter and weaker than the responses of DON and F. graminearum. The probability of high concentration and regional mean concentration of T-2 + HT-2 tended to be lower under ploughing than under nonploughing, and they tended to increase with increasing cereal intensity. T-2 + HT-2 was positively associated with zero tillage when compared with minimum tillage. The responses of F. langsethiae and F. sporotrichioides to ploughing and cereal intensity varied by region. In contrast to T-2 + HT-2, DON was the same or higher under ploughing than under non-ploughing, not consistently affected by cereal intensity and not associated with zero tillage. F. graminearum was consistently more common under ploughing than under non-ploughing, and decreased with increasing cereal intensity in four regions. Also, F. culmorum and F. poae tended to be more common under ploughing. F. culmorum increased with cereal intensity in three regions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting responses of T-2, HT-2 and DON mycotoxins and Fusarium species in oat to climate, weather, tillage and cereal intensity

et al. 2019

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“…The results for wheat and oat bran samples showed higher levels of HT-2 toxin that those reported by Rodrigeuez-Carrasco et al [22]. On the other hand, significantly higher levels of HT-2 mycotoxin (113 μg kg -1 -647 μg kg -1 ) were found in oat grain samples harvested in south-eastern Poland [23] and in Sweden [24]. Finally, even higher levels of mycotoxins were found in wheat grain and flour by Stanciu et al [25], including DON toxin in 8 samples (110-1,787 μg kg -1 ).…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 40%

Effect of storage conditions on the formation of type A and B trichothecenes in cereal products

Pokrzywa¹,

Cieśłik²,

Surma

2019

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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Introduction and objective. Mycotoxins are toxic metabolites produced by certain types of fungi, causing pathological changes in humans and animals. The aim of this study was to assess the degree of contamination of selected cereal grains, bran and cereal products intended for children, with mycotoxins using GCxGC-TOF-MS technique. The study involved mycotoxins belonging to the type A and B trichothecenes group, including T-2 toxin (T-2), HT-2 toxin (HT-2), scirpenol (SCI), 15-monoacetoxyscirpenol (15-MAS), diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS), triacetoxyscirpenol (TAS), fusarenon-X (FUS-X), nivalenol (NIV), deoxynivalenol (DON), 3-acetyl-DON (3-Ac-DON), 15-acetyl-DON (15-Ac-DON). The study also assessed the effect of conditions in which the samples were stored, including temperature (6 °C and 28 °C) and time (14 and 28 days), on fungal growth and mycotoxin production. Among all studied compounds, only DAS and HT-2 toxins were detected in tested samples, with the exception of products intended for children. Measured HT-2 mycotoxin content in tested samples was in the range 83.9-196.4 µg kg-1. Results and conclusions. Experiments with storage conditions showed a statistically significant increase in the HT-2 toxin level after 14 days of storage in all samples, irrespective of temperature. Prolonged storage (additional 14 days) did not cause significant changes in the HT-2 content. Further analyses showed a statistically significant effect of storage temperature on HT-2 toxin levels only in cereal products intended for children after both 14 and 28 days. Interestingly, lower temperature (6 °C) was more optimal then higher temperature (28 °C) for the HT-2 toxin production. No significant effect of storage temperature on HT-2 level was observed for cereal grains and bran.

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“…Amongst the 20 different mycotoxins identified, T-2 and HT-2 were the most frequently detected. This is not surprising, as many reports have previously shown that oats produced in northern and north-western Europe are more likely to contain HT-2 and T-2 in comparison to other cereals [16,20,22,23,31,38]. In particular, the UK may represent a solid basis of comparison with Ireland, due to its geographical position and similar weather conditions.…”

Section: Discussion Natural Co-occurrence Of Mycotoxins In Unprocessementioning

confidence: 73%

Natural Co-Occurrence of Multiple Mycotoxins in Unprocessed Oats Grown in Ireland with Various Production Systems

Colli

Ruyck

Abdallah

et al. 2021

Toxins

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The natural co-occurrence of 42 mycotoxins was investigated in unprocessed oat grains grown in Ireland. The sample set included a total of 208 oat crops harvested during 2015–2016 and produced using conventional, organic, or gluten free farming systems. A range of different toxins was identified, including the major type A (neosolaniol, HT-2 and T-2 toxins, T-2 triol, and T-2-glucoside, co-occurring in 21 samples) and B trichothecenes (deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, and deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside), enniatins (B1, B, and A1, co-occurring in 12 samples), as well as beauvericin, alternariol, mycophenolic acid, and sterigmatocystin. The influences of sowing season, year, and production system were investigated, eventually indicating that the latter factor may have a higher impact than others on the production of certain mycotoxins in oats. The most frequently quantified compounds were HT-2 (51%) and T-2 (41%) toxins, with gluten free oats containing significantly lower concentrations of HT-2 compared to conventionally produced oats. Although the prevalence and concentrations of mycotoxin found in oat samples in this study should be substantially reduced by processing. However, as mycotoxin occurrence is clearly influenced by multiple factors, controlled field trials should be carried out to define optimal agronomic practices and mitigate mycotoxin production. Furthermore, this work highlights the need for regularly testing cereal-based foods with multi-residue analytical methods with wider specificities than the traditionally screened and regulated toxins, to generate knowledge on the occurrence of several mycotoxins that are, to date, rarely investigated.

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Mycotoxin content of organic and conventional oats from southeastern Poland

Cited by 33 publications

References 26 publications

Contrasting responses of T-2, HT-2 and DON mycotoxins and Fusarium species in oat to climate, weather, tillage and cereal intensity

Contrasting responses of T-2, HT-2 and DON mycotoxins and Fusarium species in oat to climate, weather, tillage and cereal intensity

Effect of storage conditions on the formation of type A and B trichothecenes in cereal products

Natural Co-Occurrence of Multiple Mycotoxins in Unprocessed Oats Grown in Ireland with Various Production Systems

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