Mycotoxin production by Alternaria species grown on apples, tomatoes, and blueberries

Stinson, E. E.; Bills, Donald D.; Osman, Stanley F.; Siciliano, James; Ceponis, M. J.; Heisler, E. G.

doi:10.1021/jf60231a040

Cited by 84 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…tenuissima species group is one of the most common representatives of the genus Alternaria [40]. They may be important as plant pathogens as well as dangerous for human health, as their growth in blueberries is especially problematic since it could result in accumulation of mycotoxins [41]. The genus Alternaria was the main component of the blueberry mycobiota (95%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disease Prevalence and Symptoms Caused by Alternaria tenuissima and Pestalotiopsis guepinii on Blueberry in Entre Ríos and Buenos Aires, Argentina

Fernández¹,

Rivera²,

Varsallona³

et al. 2015

AJPS

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About 60% of blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) plantations in Argentina are located in the provinces of Entre Ríos and Buenos Aires. Alternaria tenuissima and Pestalotiopsis guepinii have been reported as pathogens of blueberry, causing leaf spots and branch cankers. The aims of this research were to estimate the prevalence of these microorganisms on leaves and fruits taken from crops located in Entre Ríos and Buenos Aires, as well as to differentiate leaf symptoms after target inoculations with each pathogen individually and in mixtures. Both fungi were present in blueberry fields from 2010 to 2013. A. tenuissima was the most prevalent pathogen, as most of the symptoms detected in the fields had been caused by this species. As a result of inoculations on cv. O'Neal, injured tissues showed symptoms before undamaged ones. Leaf symptoms caused by A. tenuissima differed from those caused by P. guepinii because of their predominant reddish color and the absence of drop-off of the central part of the lesions. When inoculated in a mixture, incubation period on leaves was intermediate between the registered for individual inoculations. The leaves showed reddishbrown spots typical of A. tenuissima and dark brown spots typical of P. guepinii, both with red margins. Blight, defoliation and canker symptoms caused in each case were undistinguishable.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disease Prevalence and Symptoms Caused by Alternaria tenuissima and Pestalotiopsis guepinii on Blueberry in Entre Ríos and Buenos Aires, Argentina

Fernández¹,

Rivera²,

Varsallona³

et al. 2015

AJPS

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“…The occurrence of Alternaria in a wide variety of fruit and vegetables under diverse conditions of cultivation, handling, and storage suggests that the losses caused by Alternaria are comparable to other mold genera such as Aspergillus P. Mich ex Link, Penicillium Link and Fusarium Link (Stinson et al, 1980). Control of blackmold of tomato can be achieved by pre-and postharvest antifungal treatments, since the fungus can infect the fruit in the field and become latent in green tomato, and resume growth as the fruit ripens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Chitosan Extracted from Shrimp Waste in Controlling Tomato Blackmold Disease Caused by Alternaria alternata

Zian

2016

Journal of Applied Plant Protection

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Tomato suffers from several diseases at all stages of its life. Blackmold, caused by Alternaria alternate (Fr.) Keissler is one of the most important postharvest disease of tomato. The effect of various concentrations of chitosan solution on A. alternata the causal agent of blackmold disease of tomato fruits on mycelial growth was studied. The isolate was tested in vitro using PDA amended with seven concentrations of chitosan (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 mg ml -). Chitosan significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited the radial mycelial growth of this fungus by 67.4% at 6 mg ml 1 concentration. Tomato fruits treated with aqueous solution of chitosan compared with the Ipromise ® fungicide (Thiophonate-methyl 20% + Iprodione 20%) was artificially inoculated with A. alternata and incubated at 8, 18 and 28°C. Lesion diameters and total phenolic contents were recorded 7 and 14-days after inoculation. Chitosan also, significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the lesion diameters of tomato fruits which were smaller for all treatments when stored at 8°C compared to the control treatment. Chitosan treatment resulted in the highest increase in total phenolic contents over the untreated control. Whereas a less increase in total phenolic contents was recognized in fungicide treatment. In all treatments, total phenolic contents increased first and declined at the end of storage. The results of this study indicate that chitosan was a alternative safe coating method especially when stored at low temperature degree for prevents tomato fruits blackmold disease which causes economic losses during transportation, marketing and storage.

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“…Deteriorations due to fungi are due to unhygienic conditions of storage and this in turn is associated with initial high moisture content of the stored products or absorption of moisture during storage due to defects in the storage system (Stinson et al, 1980).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant secondary metabolites as source of postharvest disease management: An overview

Shukla¹

2013

J. Stored Prod. Postharvest Res.

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Postharvest losses of stored products are enormous due to fungal deteriorations. Although, there are a number of synthetic fungicides available in the market for checking these deteriorations, they have several side effects such as high toxicity, long degradation periods, their residues in food chain, chronic poisoning through the continuous intake of small quantities, development of new races of pathogens, non-biodegradable nature and exhaustible source. Therefore, we must search the new sources of pesticides, which in addition to their efficiency, must be safe and selective to target specific pathogen. Plants are very rich sources of bioactive chemicals such as phenolics, polyphenols, quinones, flavones, flavonoids, flavonols, tannins, cumarins, terpenoids, lectins and polypeptides. Some plants yield fraction of essential oils, which have inhibitory effects on microorganisms. They are highly enriched with terpenoids. They are volatile, biodegradable, eco-friendly and are easily available in local environment. Several studies have been conducted on the use of such botanicals for controlling postharvest diseases, and hence, the present communication reviews the work done on investigating the fungitoxic potential of essential oils and extracts from higher plants in fungal deterioration of stored products.

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Mycotoxin production by Alternaria species grown on apples, tomatoes, and blueberries

Cited by 84 publications

References 18 publications

Disease Prevalence and Symptoms Caused by <i>Alternaria tenuissima</i> and <i>Pestalotiopsis guepinii</i> on Blueberry in Entre Ríos and Buenos Aires, Argentina

Disease Prevalence and Symptoms Caused by <i>Alternaria tenuissima</i> and <i>Pestalotiopsis guepinii</i> on Blueberry in Entre Ríos and Buenos Aires, Argentina

Role of Chitosan Extracted from Shrimp Waste in Controlling Tomato Blackmold Disease Caused by Alternaria alternata

Plant secondary metabolites as source of postharvest disease management: An overview

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Mycotoxin production by Alternaria species grown on apples, tomatoes, and blueberries

Cited by 84 publications

References 18 publications

Disease Prevalence and Symptoms Caused by &lt;i&gt;Alternaria tenuissima&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Pestalotiopsis guepinii&lt;/i&gt; on Blueberry in Entre R&#237;os and Buenos Aires, Argentina

Disease Prevalence and Symptoms Caused by &lt;i&gt;Alternaria tenuissima&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Pestalotiopsis guepinii&lt;/i&gt; on Blueberry in Entre R&#237;os and Buenos Aires, Argentina

Role of Chitosan Extracted from Shrimp Waste in Controlling Tomato Blackmold Disease Caused by Alternaria alternata

Plant secondary metabolites as source of postharvest disease management: An overview

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Disease Prevalence and Symptoms Caused by <i>Alternaria tenuissima</i> and <i>Pestalotiopsis guepinii</i> on Blueberry in Entre Ríos and Buenos Aires, Argentina

Disease Prevalence and Symptoms Caused by <i>Alternaria tenuissima</i> and <i>Pestalotiopsis guepinii</i> on Blueberry in Entre Ríos and Buenos Aires, Argentina