Mycotoxin toxicity and residue in animal products: Prevalence, consumer exposure and reduction strategies – A review

Adegbeye, Moyosore J.; Reddy, P. H.; Chilaka, Cynthia Adaku; Balogun, O B; Elghandour, Mona M.M.Y.; Rivas-Cáceres, Raymundo Rene; Salem, Abdelfattah Z.M.

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.01.007

Cited by 111 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…Mycotoxigenic fungi infect crops in the field and during storage. Until now, over 300 mycotoxins have been found, and a handful of mycotoxins are considered important from an economic point of view ( Streit et al., 2013 ; Adegbeye et al., 2020 ). For example, aflatoxins (particularly aflatoxin B 1 [AFB 1 ]), deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEN) are among the most common mycotoxins in corn, which is the most important feed grain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Betaine improves growth performance, liver health, antioxidant status, breast meat yield, and quality in broilers fed a mold-contaminated corn-based diet

Cui

Chen

et al. 2021

Animal Nutrition

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Betaine has been demonstrated to improve growth performance and antioxidant status of animals under various stress conditions. However, there is no literature on the effects of betaine in animals exposed to mycotoxins, which are among the most prevalent contaminants in feed. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the influence of dietary betaine on broilers fed a diet based on mold-contaminated corn (MCC). A total of 192 Ross 308 male broiler chicks at 1 d of age were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates and fed an MCC-based diet supplemented with 0, 250, 500, and 1,000 mg/kg betaine, respectively. Betaine increased average daily gain (linear, P = 0.030) and decreased feed conversion ratio (linear, P = 0.027) of broilers during d 1 – 21, and decreased feed conversion ratio during d 22 – 42 (linear, P = 0.012; quadratic, P < 0.001) and d 1 – 42 (linear, P = 0.003; quadratic, P = 0.004), whereas feed intake was not affected. Total cholesterol (linear, P = 0.024), alanine aminotransferase (quadratic, P < 0.001) and alkaline phosphatase (linear, P = 0.007; quadratic, P = 0.025) activities in serum were decreased by betaine. Betaine linearly increased breast muscle yield ( P = 0.003) and pH 24 h ( P = 0.008), and decreased drip loss ( P = 0.022). Betaine increased (linear, P = 0.025; quadratic, P = 0.016) total superoxide dismutase activity in breast muscle and reduced malondialdehyde content in serum (linear, P = 0.006), liver (quadratic, P = 0.006) and breast muscle (linear, P = 0.003). Moreover, the zearalenone concentrations in breast muscle were linearly decreased by betaine ( P = 0.006). It was concluded that betaine could improve growth performance, liver health, antioxidant status, and breast meat yield and quality, and reduce zearalenone residue in broilers fed the MCC-based diet, especially at 500 or 1,000 mg/kg.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, there is a need to develop methods to reduce the adverse effects of mycotoxins in feed. Currently, clays, plant extracts, and mycotoxin-degrading bacteria and enzymes have been used in feed to deal with mycotoxin problems ( Adegbeye et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Betaine improves growth performance, liver health, antioxidant status, breast meat yield, and quality in broilers fed a mold-contaminated corn-based diet

Cui

Chen

et al. 2021

Animal Nutrition

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“…Fish from aquaculture are fed using different feeds and raw materials from vegetal origin and plant products, which could be contaminated by mycotoxins [ 71 ]. Different studies have shown that some mycotoxins carry-over from feed into edible tissues or fluids from animals [ 72 , 73 , 74 ]. As far as the foodstuffs from aquaculture industries are concerned, the occurrence of aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, and Fusarium mycotoxins, such as thrichotecenes and the emerging fusariotoxins, have been reported in the literature [ 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytoprotective Effects of Fish Protein Hydrolysates against H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress and Mycotoxins in Caco-2/TC7 Cells

et al. 2021

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Many studies report the potent antioxidant capacity for fish protein hydrolysates, including radical scavenging activity and inhibition ability on lipid peroxidation (LPO). In this study, the in vitro cytotoxicity of protein hydrolysates from different salmon, mackerel, and herring side streams fractions was evaluated in the concentration range from 1 to 1:32 dilution, using cloned human colon adenocarcinoma cells TC7 (Caco-2/TC7) by MTT and PT assays. The protein hydrolysates’ antioxidant capacity and oxidative stress effects were evaluated by LPO and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, respectively. The antioxidant capacity for pure and bioavailable hydrolysate fraction was also evaluated and compared. Additionally, mycotoxin levels were determined in the fish protein hydrolysates, and their cytoprotective effect against T-2 toxin was evaluated. Both hydrolysates and their bioavailable fraction induced similar cell viability rates. The highest cytoprotective effect was obtained for the salmon viscera protein hydrolysate (HSV), which increased the cell viability by 51.2%. ROS accumulation induced by H2O2 and LPO was suppressed by all pure hydrolysates. The cytoprotective effect of hydrolysates was observed against T-2. Moreover, the different fish fraction protein hydrolysates contain variable nutrients and unique bioactive peptide composition showing variable bioactivity, which could be a useful tool in developing dietary supplements with different target functional properties.

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“…Monogastric and younger animals are more sensitive to mycotoxins than ruminant and older animals. Grazing animals are also exposed to mycotoxin intake which corresponds to a high level of mycotoxins in their products including meat and milk (Adegbeye et al, 2020).…”

Section: Influence Of Animal Feed On the Occurrence Of Mycotoxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of grains postharvest conditions on mycotoxins occurrence in milk and dairy products

et al. 2022

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Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by some filamentous fungi, which can cause toxic effects in humans and animals. The purpose of the study was to report the influence of postharvest conditions of grains and animal feed on the occurrence of mycotoxins in milk and dairy products which are widely consumed worldwide and have several health benefits for consumers. Among the most toxic mycotoxins are aflatoxins (AFs), with AFB 1 being the most toxic and present in grains and cereals used in the feeding of dairy cows. After ingestion, AFB 1 is converted to AFM 1 , which is excreted in milk, being a source of direct contamination to consumers of this product and dairy products. Thus, knowledge about this substance and the care that can be taken to reduce the consumption of contaminated food is a matter of great importance concerning public health and food safety. This review reports that the temperature and humidity at which the grains are stored, are the main conditions that can be controlled during storage, aiming to reduce the growth of fungi and the production of mycotoxins. This work reinforces that the continuous control of mycotoxins in milk and dairy products is of vital importance to obtain a safe product. Besides, strategies to mitigate the development of fungal contamination have been carefully revised to prevent the formation of these toxic substances.

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Mycotoxin toxicity and residue in animal products: Prevalence, consumer exposure and reduction strategies – A review

Cited by 111 publications

References 93 publications

Betaine improves growth performance, liver health, antioxidant status, breast meat yield, and quality in broilers fed a mold-contaminated corn-based diet

Betaine improves growth performance, liver health, antioxidant status, breast meat yield, and quality in broilers fed a mold-contaminated corn-based diet

Cytoprotective Effects of Fish Protein Hydrolysates against H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress and Mycotoxins in Caco-2/TC7 Cells

Influence of grains postharvest conditions on mycotoxins occurrence in milk and dairy products

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