Mycotoxins and toxigenic fungi

Pitt, John I.; Basílico, Juan Carlos; Abarca, M. L.; López, C.

doi:10.1080/mmy.38.s1.41.46

Cited by 128 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin derived from the secondary metabolism of different fungi genera, in particular it originates from Aspergillus ochraceus, A. carbonarius, A. niger and Penicillium verrucosum, in tropical areas and in temperate climate regions, respectively [1]. OTA is generally found in all types of cereals and derived products, but also in coffee, cocoa, grapes, soy, spices, legumes, nuts, licorice, wine, and beer [2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Curcumin on the Renal Toxicity Induced by Ochratoxin A in Rats

et al. 2020

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Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a powerful nephrotoxin and the severity of its damage to kidneys depends on both the dose and duration of exposure. According to the scientific data currently available, the mechanism of action still is not completely clarified, but it is supposed that oxidative stress is responsible for OTA-induced nephrotoxicity. Bioactive compound use has emerged as a potential approach to reduce chronic renal failure. Therefore, curcumin (CURC), due to its therapeutic effects, has been chosen for our study to reduce the toxic renal effects induced by OTA. CURC effects are examined in Sprague Dawley rats treated with CURC (100 mg/kg), alone or in combination with OTA (0.5 mg/kg), by gavage daily for 14 days. The end result of the experiment finds rats treated with OTA show alterations in biochemical and oxidative stress parameters in the kidney, related to a decrease in the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR). Conversely, the administration of CURC attenuates oxidative stress and prevents glomerular hyperfiltration versus the OTA group. Furthermore, kidney histological tests show a reduction in glomerular and tubular damage, inflammation and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. This study shows that CURC can mitigate OTA–induced oxidative damage in the kidneys of rats.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Curcumin on the Renal Toxicity Induced by Ochratoxin A in Rats

et al. 2020

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“…have been known to produce aflatoxins (e.g., aflatoxin B1) while Fusarium species produce other mycotoxins such as fumonisin (Daley et al, 2013;Punja et al, 2019). Cannabis infected with Aspergillus, Penicilium, or Fusarium can severely affect human health as these toxins can all be carcinogenic, hepatotoxic, neurotoxic or nephrotoxic (Pitt et al, 2000;Marasas et al, 2004;Kamle et al, 2019). The toxicological action depends on various factors including the mode of exposure and the susceptibility of the infected individual, which the immunocompromised patients have the highest risk of infection (Pitt et al, 2000).…”

Section: Fungal Contaminantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cannabis infected with Aspergillus, Penicilium, or Fusarium can severely affect human health as these toxins can all be carcinogenic, hepatotoxic, neurotoxic or nephrotoxic (Pitt et al, 2000;Marasas et al, 2004;Kamle et al, 2019). The toxicological action depends on various factors including the mode of exposure and the susceptibility of the infected individual, which the immunocompromised patients have the highest risk of infection (Pitt et al, 2000). In general, these toxins are carcinogenic as they commonly interact with guanine moieties in DNA forming a variety of DNA adducts which often leads to deterioration of the liver (Pitt et al, 2000).…”

Section: Fungal Contaminantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis Contaminants Limit Pharmacological Use of Cannabidiol

et al. 2020

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For nearly a century, Cannabis has been stigmatized and criminalized across the globe, but in recent years, there has been a growing interest in Cannabis due to the therapeutic potential of phytocannabinoids. With this emerging interest in Cannabis, concerns have arisen about the possible contaminations of hemp with pesticides, heavy metals, microbial pathogens, and carcinogenic compounds during the cultivation, manufacturing, and packaging processes. This is of particular concern for those turning to Cannabis for medicinal purposes, especially those with compromised immune systems. This review aims to provide types of contaminants and examples of Cannabis contamination using case studies that elucidate the medical consequences consumers risk when using adulterated Cannabis products. Thus, it is imperative to develop universal standards for cultivation and testing of products to protect those who consume Cannabis.

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“…Toxigenic fungi pose significant health hazards to humans and animals worldwide. These toxigenic fungi contaminate food products and produce mycotoxins as secondary metabolites, such as Aspergillus species which is considered as the most significant producers of mycotoxins [1] [2] [3] [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from <i>Allium ampeloprasum</i> Leaves Extract and Its Antifungal Activity

Al-Zahrani¹,

Al-Garni²

2019

JBNB

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Development of natural based nanomaterial immense interest of researchers involved in eco-friendly biosynthesis of nanoparticles. This research set out to investigate the potential of Allium ampeloprasum leaves extract to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), and evaluate their antifungal activity against some toxigenic strains of Aspergillus isolates. In order to achieve this, AgNPs were prepared using plant extracts at room temperature and the formation of AgNPs was visually detected after the color changed to dark brown within few minutes. The biosynthesized AgNPs were characterized using the UV-vis spectroscopy, which confirmed the formation of AgNPs with a maximum peak at 437 nm due to the Plasmon resonance. The main active reduction agents were detected by Fourier Transmission infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Also, the nanoparticles were characterized using Scanning electron microscope (SEM). The antifungal activity of AgNPs was investigated by agar well diffusion method, which revealed inhibition zones of 8 mm, 10 mm, 11 mm, 11 mm and 14 mm against Aspergillus flavus 1, A. parasiticus, A. flavus 2, A. ochraceus, and A. niger. The minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) was determined using micro broth dilution method. MIC values of AgNPs ranged from 652 -2500 μg/ml. The fungi treated with AgNPs, were examined with (SEM), it was observed that the treated fungi were damaged. These results suggest that AgNPs have the potential to be used as an ideal eco-friendly approach to control toxigenic fungi.

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Mycotoxins and toxigenic fungi

Cited by 128 publications

References 27 publications

Effects of Curcumin on the Renal Toxicity Induced by Ochratoxin A in Rats

Effects of Curcumin on the Renal Toxicity Induced by Ochratoxin A in Rats

Cannabis Contaminants Limit Pharmacological Use of Cannabidiol

Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from <i>Allium ampeloprasum</i> Leaves Extract and Its Antifungal Activity

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Mycotoxins and toxigenic fungi

Cited by 128 publications

References 27 publications

Effects of Curcumin on the Renal Toxicity Induced by Ochratoxin A in Rats

Effects of Curcumin on the Renal Toxicity Induced by Ochratoxin A in Rats

Cannabis Contaminants Limit Pharmacological Use of Cannabidiol

Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from &lt;i&gt;Allium ampeloprasum&lt;/i&gt; Leaves Extract and Its Antifungal Activity

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Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from <i>Allium ampeloprasum</i> Leaves Extract and Its Antifungal Activity