Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease (MOGAD) in Chile: lessons learned from challenging cases

Guzmán, Jorge; Vera, Francisco; Soler, Bernardita; Uribe-San-Martín, Reinaldo; Garcı́a, Lorena; Del-Canto, Adolfo; Schlatter, Andrea; Salazar, Mauricio Pérez; Molt, Fernando; Ramirez, K. E.; Marín, José Antonio Marín; Pelayo, Carolina; Cruz, Juan Pablo; Bravo-Grau, Sebastián; Cárcamo, Claudia; Ciampi, Ethel

doi:10.1016/j.msard.2022.104442

Cited by 2 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Our cohort presented a slight female predominance of 56.1%. This contrasts with older data, which demonstrated higher female proportions of 60-70% in different populations: Chile, 5 USA, 6 7 Europe, 8 China 9 and UK. 10 On the other hand, a similar sex distribution of 1:1 was detected in French 11 and Dutch 12 cohorts.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 95%

“…Age at symptom onset showed a wide range (6-64 years) with a mean age at onset of 35.8 years, which is concordant with previously presented data. 5 8 10 As also described in previous reports, the most frequent pediatric phenotype at onset was ADEM (50%), followed by ON (20%). 18 In the adult population, ON was present in 83.4% at onset (in a third bilateral) followed by myelitis in 9.7%, which is also in line with previously published data.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Furthermore, only 7.3% of our cohort were positive for the presence of antinuclear antibodies (ANA), which was similar to data from a study in Baltimore, in which 4% were positive for ANA. 6 These results contrasted with the percentages from other cohorts: Chile (36% 5 ), Europe (42.2% 8 ) and France (20.1% 11 ). Oligoclonal bands were detected in five patients out of 29 tests (17.2%), similar to what had been found previously.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

“…A similar EDSS of 1.5 was observed in other studies. 5,6,35 Interestingly, the pediatric subgroup presented with higher EDSS at nadir during the first clinical event, however, they showed a better recovery with lower EDSS at the final visit. Surely, the frequent ADEM phenotype with a severe disability but good recovery could explain this observation, such as the possible better neuroplasticity in pediatric MOGAD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Oligoclonal bands were detected in five patients out of 29 tests (17.2%), similar to what had been found previously. 5,6 There are certainly several limitations to this study, above all its retrospective design and the low number of patients included. A possible bias of overestimating relapse risk by recruiting individuals referred to our center years after disease onset because of relapse cannot be denied.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical spectrum of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease in Brazil: a single-center experience

Messias,

Moreto,

Cruz

et al. 2023

Arq Neuropsiquiatr

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Background Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (anti-MOG) antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is an immune-mediated neurological disorder with a broad spectrum of clinical presentation that is often difficult to distinguish from other demyelinating diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.Objective To describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of MOGAD in a Brazilian tertiary center.Methods We retrospectively reviewed the records of adult and pediatric patients who tested positive for anti-MOG antibodies and presented with clinical and radiological diseases compatible with MOGAD.Results Forty-one patients (10 children) were included: 56% female, 58% Caucasian, mean age at onset 31 years (range 6-64), with a mean disease duration of 59.6 months (range 1-264 months). The most frequent onset presentation was optic neuritis (68%), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM, 12%), and myelitis (10%). A monophasic disease course was observed in 49%. EDSS median was 2.1 at the last visit. Most patients (83%) were under continuous immunosuppressive treatment. Azathioprine was the first-line treatment in 59%. In all ADEM cases, conus, and root involvement was radiologically observed on MRI.Conclusion Brazilian MOGAD patients presented with a similar spectrum of previously reported MOGAD phenotypes. Conus and spinal root involvement seems to be frequently present in MOGAD-ADEM and could serve as radiologic characteristics of this clinical entity.

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