Myeloproliferative Disease with Megakaryocytic Predominance in a Dog with Occult Dirofilariasis

A clinically normal, 5-year-old intact female German Shepherd dog was presented to the local veterinarian to be spayed. Results of a preoperative CBC included mild nonregenerative anemia, severe thrombocytopenia, and 17% unclassified cells. On cytologic examination of aspirates from the dog's enlarged spleen and peripheral lymph nodes, a population of primitive round cells that occasionally resembled megakaryocytes was observed. A bone marrow aspirate specimen was markedly hypercellular with approximately 65% of marrow cells comprising a homogeneous population of immature hematopoietic cells similar to those found in the spleen, lymph nodes, and peripheral blood. Using immunocytochemical stains with canine-specific antibodies, all neoplastic cells strongly expressed cytoplasmic CD41 and 20-70% of the neoplastic cells expressed CD34 weakly to moderately. Rare (<0.5%) neoplastic cells weakly expressed vWF. The cells were negative for all other markers. Based on these results and the morphology of the neoplastic cells, a diagnosis of acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMegL) was made. In spite of treatment, results of a CBC performed 1 week later indicated progressive anemia and thrombocytopenia, and the dog was euthanized. To our knowledge, this report documents the first case of canine AMegL diagnosed with both anti-canine CD34 and CD41 antibodies.

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“…Unfortunately, the prognosis for dogs with AMegL and other acute myeloid neoplasms remains extremely grave. 9,17,19,27…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CD34⁺, CD41⁺acute megakaryoblastic leukemia in a dog

Suter¹,

Vernau²,

Fry³

et al. 2007

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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“…In the investigations performed, anemia development in dogs has been mentioned in consequence of decrease in RBC, Hb, and PCV levels (Harvey et al 1982;Atwell and Buoro 1983). Besides, researchers (Harvey et al 1982;Goggin et al 1997) have reported that anemia developing in two different cases have been normocytic normochromic anemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides, researchers (Harvey et al 1982;Goggin et al 1997) have reported that anemia developing in two different cases have been normocytic normochromic anemia. Concurrent with the articles, anemia was identified in four hospitalized dogs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In articles, D. immitis has been reported to cause anemia by developing reduction in the red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), and packed cell volume (PCV; Harvey et al 1982;Atwell and Buoro 1983). The developing anemia has been stated to be normocytic normochromic anemia (Harvey et al 1982;Goggin et al 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The developing anemia has been stated to be normocytic normochromic anemia (Harvey et al 1982;Goggin et al 1997). Besides, leukocytosis, moderate to marked neutrophilia, eosinophilia, and monocytosis have been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dirofilaria immitis infection in dogs: unusually located and unusual findings

et al. 2007

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Clinical, blood, serum biochemistry, and parasitological assessments were performed on four hospitalized dogs, not in good general condition, in a study carried out to determine the prevalence of general parasitic infections. Hematological and biochemical parameters and electrocardiographic recording of the animals were determined during the general clinical examinations. Four dogs were indicated to have been infected with Dirofilaria immitis by using modified Knott's method, and the microfilarial density was determined. Mild to moderate anemia and decrease in sedimentation velocity were established in dogs. Differences in other hematological and biochemical values between the dogs were determined. Right axis deviation was determined in a dog. D. immitis was encountered in the right ventricle, bronchus, and the pericardial sac at the end of the necropsy. On the other hand, in the histopathological examinations, pulmonary adenocarcinoma deriving from bronchial epithelium was identified in a dog, and microfilaria was encountered in bronchial and bronchiolar lumens, interstitium of the lungs, and bile ducts. D. immitis has not been considered in the diagnosis of dogs with pneumonia and tumors. The requirement of parasitological examination with respect to D. immitis in the diagnosis of dogs with tumor or pneumonia has been considered vital.

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