Myelosuppression and Serotonin Syndrome Associated with Concurrent Use of Linezolid and Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors in Bone Marrow Transplant Recipients

Hachem, Ray; Hicks, Krystal; Huen, Auris; Raad, Issam

doi:10.1086/375689

Cited by 63 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Based on a lack of real-world comparator data on the risk of ST with linezolid, especially in patients receiving concomitant SAs (4,(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17), the intent of this study was to delineate the risk of ST associated with linezolid relative to that associated with vancomycin among hospitalized patients. We selected vancomycin as the comparator since it is used for similar indications in clinical practice, and it is not known to cause ST (26,27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite this risk, few comparative studies have evaluated the association between the use of linezolid and ST among patients concurrently receiving linezolid and medications with adrenergic and serotonergic activity (4,(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). To date, published postmarketing evaluations of the risk of ST in patients receiving concomitant linezolid and other serotonergic medications have been limited primarily to case reports and small retrospective studies without comparator groups (4,(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, published postmarketing evaluations of the risk of ST in patients receiving concomitant linezolid and other serotonergic medications have been limited primarily to case reports and small retrospective studies without comparator groups (4,(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). While case reports and noncomparator cohort studies provide a glimpse into the causal relationship between drug exposure and effect, it is impossible to quantify the prevalence of the finding or the magnitude of the effect caused by a specific agent or a combination of agents.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Comparative Evaluation of Serotonin Toxicity among Veterans Affairs Patients Receiving Linezolid and Vancomycin

Lodise

Patel

Rivera

et al. 2013

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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. Matching criteria included VISN-2 hospital, hospital ward, prior hospital length of stay, age, and baseline platelet counts. The patients' electronic medical records were evaluated for symptoms consistent with ST and the Hunter serotonin toxicity criteria (HSTC) using an intensive, natural word search algorithm. The study included 251 matched pairs. Demographics and comorbidities were similar between groups. Over half of the study population received at least one concurrent medication with serotonergic activity. Receipt of agents with serotonergic activity was more pronounced in the vancomycin group, and the higher frequency was due to concomitant antihistamine and antiemetic use. Antidepressant use, including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), was similar between groups. No patients in either group were found to meet the criteria using the word search algorithm for ST. Fewer linezolid patients than vancomycin patients met the HSTC overall (3.2% versus 8.8%) and when stratified by receipt of a concurrent serotonergic agent (4.3% versus 12.4%). Of the patients meeting the HSTC, most had past or present comorbidities that may have contributed to or overlapped the HSTC. This study of hospitalized patients revealed comparably low frequencies of adverse events potentially related to ST among patients who received linezolid or vancomycin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Comparative Evaluation of Serotonin Toxicity among Veterans Affairs Patients Receiving Linezolid and Vancomycin

Lodise

Patel

Rivera

et al. 2013

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…114,117 Other uncommon but serious adverse effects associated with linezolid include lactic acidosis, serotonin syndrome, and peripheral and optic neuropathies. [118][119][120] Quinupristin/dalfopristin (QD) was compared to linezolid in a prospective randomized trial in 40 patients with hematological malignancies (a third were post-HSCT, 20% neutropenic) with VRE infections, predominantly bacteremia. Both regimens achieve comparable clinical (43% vs. 58%) and microbiological (71% vs. 90%) cure rates, with similar mortality (10% vs.16%).…”

Section: Resistant Gram-positive Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeted therapy against multi-resistant bacteria in leukemic and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: guidelines of the 4th European Conference on Infections in Leukemia (ECIL-4, 2011)

et al. 2013

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The detection of multi-resistant bacterial pathogens, particularly those to carbapenemases, in leukemic and stem cell transplant patients forces the use of old or non-conventional agents as the only remaining treatment options. These include colistin/polymyxin B, tigecycline, fosfomycin and various anti-gram-positive agents. Data on the use of these agents in leukemic patients are scanty, with only linezolid subjected to formal trials. The Expert Group of the 4 th European Conference on Infections in Leukemia has developed guidelines for their use in these patient populations. Targeted therapy should be based on (i) in vitro susceptibility data, (ii) knowledge of the best treatment option against the particular species or phenotype of bacteria, (iii) pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic data, and (iv) careful assessment of the risk-benefit balance. For infections due to resistant Gram-negative bacteria, these agents should be preferably used in combination with other agents that remain active in vitro, because of suboptimal efficacy (e.g., tigecycline) and the risk of emergent resistance (e.g., fosfomycin). The paucity of new antibacterial drugs in the near future should lead us to limit the use of these drugs to situations where no alternative exists. ABSTRACT © F e r r a t a S t o r t i F o u n d a t i o n 2 0 1 3organizing committee and experts were solicited to form the working group. The group reviewed the published English-language literature and prepared proposals on treatment options for infections due to resistant bacteria. Papers for review were sought using PubMed with the terms "linezolid", "daptomycin", "quinupristin/ dalfopristin", "colistin or polymyxin", "tigecycline", "fosfomycin", "telavancin", "ceftaroline" AND "stem cell transplantation or bone marrow transplant or leukemia or hematological malignancy or cancer". References cited in the articles identified were also considered. In respect of 'Duration of therapy', the main search terms used were "antibiotic therapy"; "stem cell transplantation or bone marrow transplantation or hematological malignancy or cancer"; "febrile neutropenia" and "duration therapy", "discontinuation antibiotics" and "microbiologically documented infection". Definitions of resistanceA bacterial isolate was considered non-susceptible if it was categorized resistant, intermediate or non-susceptible when using clinical breakpoints of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST), Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) or the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Definitions of 'MDR' vary among authors and usually presume resistance to at least two antibiotics used in empiric therapy (3 rd 4 th -generation cephalosporins, carbapenems or piperacillin/tazobactam) or resistance to at least three of the following antibiotic classes: antipseudomonal penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones. [11][12][13][14][15] According to the recent definition of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control...

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“…Table 4 lists the case reports found in the literature. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Time to onset of symptoms ranged from < 24 hours to 3 weeks, while time to resolution of symptoms once 1 or both of the drugs were discontinued ranged from 1 to 5 days. All but 2 of the case reports involve coadministration of a proserotonergic agent and linezolid, in which linezolid is added to a regimen already containing an SSRI.…”

Section: What Is the Prevalence Of Linezolid-induced Serotonin Toxicity?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Linezolid and Serotonin Syndrome

Quinn¹,

Stern²

2009

Prim. Care Companion J. Clin. Psychiatry

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Myelosuppression and Serotonin Syndrome Associated with Concurrent Use of Linezolid and Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors in Bone Marrow Transplant Recipients

Cited by 63 publications

References 10 publications

Comparative Evaluation of Serotonin Toxicity among Veterans Affairs Patients Receiving Linezolid and Vancomycin

Comparative Evaluation of Serotonin Toxicity among Veterans Affairs Patients Receiving Linezolid and Vancomycin

Targeted therapy against multi-resistant bacteria in leukemic and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: guidelines of the 4th European Conference on Infections in Leukemia (ECIL-4, 2011)

Linezolid and Serotonin Syndrome

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