Myocardial Degeneration and Cardiac Arrest in Squirrel Monkey: Physiological and Psychological Correlates

Corley, Karl C.; Shiel, Fergus O'm.; Mauck, H. Page; Clark, Lisa; Barber, J. H.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1977.tb01186.x

Cited by 44 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The physiological meaning of heart arrests concomitant with startle could be absolutely different from that of cardiovascular adaptations over a period of hours or days. On the other hand, both CA and longterm stress can lead to cardiac dysfunctions caused by a lack of circulation in the former case and by myocardial degeneration (Corley, Mauck, & Shiel, 1975;Corley, Mauck, Shiel, Barber, Clark, & Blocher, 1979;Corley, Shiel, Mauck, Clark, & Barber, 1977;Mascitelli-Coriandolli, 1958;Raab, Chaplin, & Bajusz, 1964) involving hormonal factors in the latter. Only nervous regulation is thought to be responsible for CA.…”

Section: Experimental Data From Vertebratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yoked monkeys not allowed to predict or control electroshock exhibited severe bradycardia that led to ventricular arrests (Corley, Shiel, Path, Mauck, & Greenhoot, 1973;Corley et aI. , 1975;Corley et aI., 1979;Corley et al, 1977. ) In a pioneer study by Richter (1957) inspired by earlier work by Cannon (1942), sudden deaths of wild rats held in the hand or put into water were reported.…”

Section: Experimental Data From Vertebratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Behavioral determinants of severe cardiac inhibition

Cuadras

1981

Psychobiology

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Section: Experimental Data From Vertebratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Data From Vertebratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral determinants of severe cardiac inhibition

Cuadras

1981

Psychobiology

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“…1). Studies concerned with triggers of coronary artery disease are increasing lately and physical exertion has been found to be a serious trigger for AMI onset [18]. Another study which investigated all kinds of daily activities including mental and psychological ones revealed that psychological exertion has the same effect as physical exertion in triggering myocardial ischemic episodes in coronary artery patients [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another study which investigated all kinds of daily activities including mental and psychological ones revealed that psychological exertion has the same effect as physical exertion in triggering myocardial ischemic episodes in coronary artery patients [19]. Evidence from psychophysiologic studies with squirrel monkeys reveals that within only a 24-hour session stress-induced myocardial changes and death were related to autonomic disturbances precipitated by psychological stress [18]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autonomic Nervous System Responses to Personal Stressful Events in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Tsouna-Hadjis¹,

Mitsibounas²,

Kallergis³

et al. 1998

Psychother Psychosom

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Background: Life events specific for each individual may influence the onset of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and we wondered whether recall of such events elicits autonomic nervous system responses in patients. Methods: Thirty-one subjects with AMI, which occurred about 1 month previously (study group), and 22 healthy subjects were interviewed. Whenever the presence of a stressful event was found within the last 2 months before AMI onset, a key phrase of the event was isolated. Each subject was faced with 20 written key sentences (including his/her own sentence if detected) at random order, for 40 s each. At the same time the heart rate (HR) and the galvanic skin response (GSR) were continuously recorded. Pearson r correlations, χ² and t tests were employed for comparisons between study and control group as well as within each group. Results: A recent exacerbating event was detected in 30/31 AMI patients and in 0/22 healthy subjects. For the 30 AMI patients the values of HR following the sentence of the suspected event, specific for each patient, were statistically significantly higher than the mean values of HR following the remaining 19 ‘neutral’ statements. The same significant difference appeared with regard to GSR values. The mean values of the AMI patients for the 19 neutral statements did not differ significantly from those of the healthy subjects for the 20 neutral statements, either for HR or GSR. Conclusions: Findings suggest that recall of personal stressful events elicited autonomic nervous system responses in AMI patients and, therefore, events with personal significance are related to coronary disease onset.

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“…The essential elements include: (i) avoidance task perform ance, (ii) physically aversive exposure (to glare), (iii) uncertainty (due to dimin ished visibility), (iv) conflicting forces acting upon the level of arousal (darkness plus circadian factors diminish arousal, glare exposure plus driving task demands increase arousal), (v) abrupt changes in oculomotor autonom ic reflexes which involve sympathetic and parasympathetic branches and conflict between the central and refle x tendencies. The first three elements have been associated with a lowered threshold for ventricular fibrillation and with sudden cardiac death in experimental animals (84,86,140). The abrupt change s mentioned in the fifth element could disrupt neuroregulation of the autonomic nervous system and, as seen in clinical and experimental studies, increase cardiac electrical instability (141)(142)(143).…”

Section: Model F or Increased Cardiac Vulnerability Caused By Visuallmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of cardiac risk among professional drivers.

Belkić¹,

Savić²,

Theorell³

et al. 1994

Scand J Work Environ Health

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of cardiac risk among profe ssional drivers. Scand J Work Environ Health 1994;20:73-86.This literature review indicates that professional drivers have excess cardiac risk that is not fully explained by standard risk factors. The contributi on of occupation is suggested by two independent methods and by psychophysiological studies during on-the-job driving. Driving has been conceptualized as a threat-avoidance task. Stimuli encountered in traffic are not inherently aversive but become so by association with driving experie nce, a formulation corroborated by laboratory studies in which stimuli such as car headlights elicit cardiovascular hyperreactivity and electroencephalographic signs of arousal in professional drivers. More-advanced neurophysiological methods (event-related potentials) show higher cortical electrone gativity to imperative signals among professional drivers than among nondriver referents. These data are viewed in light of reports of possible associations between event-related slow potentials and cardiac risk. A clinically and ecologically relevant neurocardiological model is proposed, and preventive strategies, including workplace interventions, are suggested.K EY TERMScardiova scular disease, event-related potentials, glare, neurocardiology, professional drivers, review, work stress.Of the numerous studies performed in va rious countries on cardiovascular disease and professional driving over a sp an of almost three de cades, ne arly all have shown an exce ss ri sk of cardiovascular di sease among professional drivers. Despite rigorous se lection against these disorders at hiring and during periodic medical foll ow-up ( 1-4), a risk of hyp ertension, ventri cu lar arrhythmias, myocardial infarction, and other ischemic heart disease ha s been ob served in 28 of the 32 reports found to consider thi s question (1-32). (No ns ig nifica nt findings have be en reported in references 13, 18, 19, and 23.) Of particular note in many of these studies is the close relation between the number of work years as a driver and the untowardly yo ung ag e at which these ev e nts occur (l , 5, 7, 9 17, 26, 29, 32). For example, in studies of young myocardial infarct ion patients, fo r whom profession was determined, an unexpectedly high percentage (up to 40 %) comprised professional dri vers (9,17,26,29,32). While standard ri sk-factor status tends to be high in thi s population, these fa ctors have not been clearly shown to distinguish professional drivers from other lo wer ri sk groups (1 , 15, 16,33-35) (tab le I). Rece ntly , Ro sengren and her co-workers (27) demonstrated that the excess risk of coronary he art disease among middle-aged bus and tram drivers occurred independently of sta ndard ri sk-factor status .Thus the quest ion ari ses as to how this excess cardiac risk oc curs for professional drivers. A growing co nse ns us indicates that occupational factors must be gi ven ca reful consideration (1-3). A focus on neural mech anisms pr omises to offer meaningful insig hts into the problem (3,36,37). In...

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Myocardial Degeneration and Cardiac Arrest in Squirrel Monkey: Physiological and Psychological Correlates

Cited by 44 publications

References 12 publications

Behavioral determinants of severe cardiac inhibition

Behavioral determinants of severe cardiac inhibition

Autonomic Nervous System Responses to Personal Stressful Events in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Mechanisms of cardiac risk among professional drivers.

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