Myocardial infarction, hyperkalaemia and ventricular tachycardia in a young male body-builder

Appleby, Mark A; Fisher, Mike; Martin, Michael

doi:10.1016/0167-5273(94)90022-1

Cited by 50 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Doping is the use of an expedient (substance or method) that is potentially harmful to the athletes' health and/or capable of enhancing their performance or the presence in the athlete's body of a prohibited substance or evidence of the use of a prohibited method [6]. Doping violates sports ethics and may have serious implications on the physical and mental health of the athletes [7][8][9], including cardiovascular conditions [10], renal complications [11], rhabdomyolysis [12] infectious complications from the injection technique used in self-administration [13], tendon and ligaments ruptures [14] thyroidal impairment [15], azoospermia [16], major mood disturbances [17] and even increased premature mortality [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Doping Use among Tertiary Education Students in Six Developed Countries

Papadopoulos¹,

Skalkidis

Parkkari

et al. 2006

Eur J Epidemiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Data on doping among young non-professional athletes are scarce. In order to estimate the prevalence and predictors of doping use, a standardized, anonymous questionnaire was self-administered by 2650 tertiary education students from five European Union countries (Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Italy) and Israel. The reported usage rate of a doping agent (at least once) was 2.6%, with no significant variation in the frequency of doping reporting among the participating countries. Doping was, however, less common among students of biomedical schools (OR: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.27-0.89) and was higher among males (OR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.25-3.74). Students, who use to drink coffee or recall frequent occasions of involvement in drunkenness episodes, were more likely (twice and three times, respectively) to report doping, and students using nutritional supplements or having participated in a major athletic event were more likely (four times and twice, respectively) to report doping in comparison with students who do not. Of note is the high odds ratio for reporting individual doping when having a friend who uses doping (OR: 8.61, 95% CI: 4.49-16.53). Given the large size of the physically active young individuals in the population and the small number of professional athletes, doping in the general population may be, in absolute terms, as sizeable problem as it is among the professional athletes. There was evidence that high-risk behaviour and supplement use increased the risk of doping.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Doping Use among Tertiary Education Students in Six Developed Countries

Papadopoulos¹,

Skalkidis

Parkkari

et al. 2006

Eur J Epidemiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Ephedrine and other central nervous system stimulants may cause anxiety, insomnia, psychosis, mania and even fatal cardiovascular complications [30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35]. Diuretic abuse has caused fatalities in athletes [36, 37, 38]. The hazards of laxative abuse are well known from studies of individuals with eating disorders [39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Body Image’ Drugs: A Growing Psychosomatic Problem

Kanayama

Pope

Hudson

2001

Psychother Psychosom

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Überwiegend handelt es sich um Bodybuilder oder andere Kraftsportler [23,29,32,33,55,66,67,85,89,102]. Sowohl bei den letalen als auch den überlebten Myokardinfarkten fanden sich überwiegend unauffällige Koronarien, aber in einigen Fällen auch atheromatöse, teilweise stenosierende Plaques [6,12,34,41,42,49,67,71,75,102]. Auch über Kardiomyopathien als Todesursache bzw.…”

Section: Kardiale Todesfälleunclassified

Kardiovaskuläre Nebenwirkungen von anabol-androgenen Steroiden

Kindermann

2006

Herz

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The intake of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) leads to an increase in skeletal muscle mass and is prohibited as a doping measure in sport. AAS abuse is not limited to competitive athletes. It is also prevalent in subjects who do body building or resistance training for cosmetic reasons only. Out of the numerous and partly serious side effects, the cardiovascular ones are presented here. An increase in left ventricular muscle mass is well documented, and some researchers have even reported concentric hypertrophy. By contrast, resistance training without AAS intake does not lead to increased ventricular wall thickness. AAS do not affect the systolic function of the left ventricle, whereas diastolic function might be impaired. Different ultrastructural myocardial alterations have been documented in animal studies. In addition, AAS can induce arterial hypertension. Blood clotting and fibrinolysis are negatively affected, and several case studies of thrombi exist in young strength athletes. Changes in the concentration of blood lipoproteins, particularly a reduction in vessel-protective HDL cholesterol, can lead to early atherosclerosis. Many case reports exist about cardiac deaths in seemingly healthy subjects-most often body builders and other strength athletes. In fatal and nonfatal myocardial infarctions patent coronary arteries were proven frequently. Besides the prothrombotic effects of AAS, an impaired endothelial function and vasospasms are discussed hypothetically as pathomechanisms. Also, cardiomyopathies can occur due to AAS abuse. On the basis of the described possible cardiovascular side effects, it can be concluded that in cases of sudden cardiac deaths in young athletes, a misuse of AS should be excluded.

show abstract

Myocardial infarction, hyperkalaemia and ventricular tachycardia in a young male body-builder

Cited by 50 publications

References 5 publications

Doping Use among Tertiary Education Students in Six Developed Countries

Doping Use among Tertiary Education Students in Six Developed Countries

‘Body Image’ Drugs: A Growing Psychosomatic Problem

Kardiovaskuläre Nebenwirkungen von anabol-androgenen Steroiden

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About