ObjectiveCoronary artery bypass grafting is currently the best treatment for dialysis
patients with multivessel coronary artery involvement. Vasoplegic syndrome
of inflammatory etiology constitutes an important postoperative
complication, with highly negative impact on prognosis. Considering that
these patients have an intrinsic inflammatory response exacerbation, our
goal was to evaluate the incidence and mortality of vasoplegic syndrome
after myocardial revascularization in this group.MethodsA retrospective, single-center study of 50 consecutive and non-selected
dialysis patients who underwent myocardial revascularization in a tertiary
university hospital, from 2007 to 2012. The patients were divided into 2
groups, according to the use of cardiopulmonary bypass or not (off-pump
coronary artery bypass). The incidence and mortality of vasoplegic syndrome
were analyzed. The subgroup of vasoplegic patients was studied
separately.ResultsThere were no preoperative demographic differences between the
cardiopulmonary bypass (n=20) and off-pump coronary artery bypass (n=30)
group. Intraoperative data showed a greater number of distal coronary
arteries anastomosis (2.8 vs. 1.8,
P<0.0001) and higher transfusion rates (65%
vs. 23%, P=0.008) in the
cardiopulmonary bypass group. Vasoplegia incidence was statistically higher
(P=0.0124) in the cardiopulmonary bypass group (30%)
compared to the off-pump coronary artery bypass group (3%). Vasoplegia
mortality was 50% in the cardiopulmonary bypass group and 0% in the off-pump
coronary artery bypass group. The vasoplegic subgroup analysis showed no
statistically significant clinical differences.ConclusionCardiopulmonary bypass increased the risk for developing postoperative
vasoplegic syndrome after coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with
dialysis-dependent chronic renal failure.