Myocarditis Associated with Influenza A H1N1pdm2009

Abstract

Acute myocarditis is a well-known complication of influenza infection. The frequency of myocardial involvement in influenza infection varies widely, with the clinical severity ranging from asymptomatic to fulminant varieties. The worst cases can result in death due to impaired cardiac function, although such fulminant myocarditis associated with influenza infection is rare, as shown by previous papers. Following the 2009 influenza pandemic, we reported on the clinical features of a cohort of 15 patients in Japan with H1N1pdm2009 myocarditis. In our subsequent survey of the literature for case reports or series of patients with myocarditis associated with H1N1pdm2009, we identified 58 detailed cases. We discuss here the high prevalence of fulminant myocarditis (36/58, 62%) among patients reported to have myocarditis associated with H1N1pdm2009. Mechanical circulatory support was required in 17 of the patients with fulminant myocarditis, 13 of whom recovered. We stress the need for increased awareness of influenza-associated myocarditis; such knowledge will facilitate earlier diagnosis and treatment of this fatal complication during future influenza pandemics.

Myocarditis associated with Influenza Virus B in Pediatric: A case report and literature review

“…Th1 and Th2) and the more recently described interleukin 17 produced by type 17 (Th17) T cells have been shown to increase the severity of myocarditis in animal models [3].…”

“…Clinical expression varies from asymptomatic to fulminant myocarditis, resulting in severe hemodynamic dysfunction. A case of acute myocarditis associated with influenza B is presented to highlight the importance of this virus as an etiological agent, describing the clinical course, emphasizing the importance of diagnosis, the help of images such as echocardiography, and exposing aspects related to the treatment and prognosis of myocarditis [3].…”

The Neuraminidase Inhibitor Peramivir Ameliorates Myocarditis Induced by Influenza A (H1n1pdm) Virus in a Murine Model

“…Acute myocarditis is a potentially lethal disease; etiological agents include Enteroviruses, Adenoviruses, Parvoviruses, Cytomegalovirus, Influenza virus and others [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Fulminant myocarditis causes severe hemodynamic dysfunction and requires high-dose catecholamine and mechanical circulatory support [1,[6][7][8].…”

“…Fulminant myocarditis causes severe hemodynamic dysfunction and requires high-dose catecholamine and mechanical circulatory support [1,[6][7][8]. An influenza pandemic occurred in 2009 [6,9,10].…”

“…Fulminant myocarditis causes severe hemodynamic dysfunction and requires high-dose catecholamine and mechanical circulatory support [1,[6][7][8]. An influenza pandemic occurred in 2009 [6,9,10]. The causative organism, influenza A (H1N1pdm) virus, has been reported to cause fatal myocarditis as well as pneumonia [11][12][13][14].…”