“…Ojima, Oe, Nakajima, Muroya, and Nishimura (2016) have demonstrated that extracellular matrix components were predominantly released during the early and middle stages of adipocyte differentiation, with a subsequent increase in the secretion of adipokines, suggesting that 3T3-L1 cells secrete adipokines after their ECM is constructed during adipocyte differentiation. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) are cytokines secreted in both tissues (called "adipo-myokines"), and they play key roles in the rate and extent of adipogenesis, myogenesis, lipogenesis, and lipolysis (Argiles, López-Soriano, Almendro, Busquets, & López-Soriano, 2005;Hoene, Runge, Häring, Schleicher, & Weigert, 2012;Li et al, 2017). Hence, they are thought to be involved in maintaining suitable skeletal muscle and adipose tissue mass ratios in normal conditions.…”