Myositis as an Extraintestinal Manifestation of Ulcerative Colitis: A Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that is thoroughly studied and known to have a strong genetic component. It affects the mucosa and submucosa of the colon and rectum, causing diffuse friability and superficial erosions leading to bleeding. Common presenting symptoms include diarrhea that is often bloody or purulent and abdominal pain or cramping. There are also extraintestinal manifestations of UC such as cutaneous rashes, eye inflammation, and oral ulceration. A rarer manifestation of IBD is myositis, either dermatomyositis, polymyositis, or even rhabdomyolysis. Based on the literature review, myositis has been documented more so in cases of Crohn’s disease versus UC. In this report, we discuss a patient with known UC who presented during a flare and subsequently complained of diffuse myalgia. She was found to have an elevated creatine kinase (CK), thus suggesting some form of myositis. We will review possible pathogenesis and other cases of UC presenting with myositis that have been documented.