Myotoxicity of Injections for Acute Muscle Injuries: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Local anaesthetics and NSAID injections are not recommended for the treatment of muscle injuries in athletes, as they are myotoxic. The possible myotoxic effects of corticosteroids, PRP, Traumeel(®) and Actovegin(®) should be assessed in future research.

Efficacy of rehabilitation (lengthening) exercises, platelet-rich plasma injections, and other conservative interventions in acute hamstring injuries: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis

“…There is little experience with platelet-poor plasma and due to its content (pH, osmolality, remaining leucocytes and platelets), myotoxic effects cannot be excluded and its enhancing effect remains unclear. Saline was considered a more valid placebo as ample evidence is available that it has no myotoxic effect on muscle tissue 29. Lastly, there were differences in patient characteristics.…”

Injuries impair the chance of successful performance by sportspeople: a systematic review

“…A previously published16 adaptation of the level of evidence based on van Tulder method17 and Reurink et al 18 was used. The strength of evidence was defined as: strong , ‘consistently identified in two or more studies, and greater than or equal to 75% of all contributing findings’; moderate , ‘consistently identified in two or more studies, and greater than 50% of all contributing findings’; limited , ‘identified in one study, with greater than 50% of all contributing findings’ and conflicting , ‘inconsistency in two or more studies’.…”

Extracellular Vesicles from Platelet-Rich Plasma as Conveyors of Regeneration Potential in Orthopedics

“…The median time was 42 days in both groups, 95% CI (0.61 to 1.51; p=0.66) [13]. Another study reported no improvement of clinical and radiological parameters in knees treated by PRP after ACL reconstruction [14].…”

“…PRP use has hitherto been investigated in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis [6,7], knee osteoarthritis [8], hip osteoarthritis [9] patellar and Achilles tendinopathy [10][11][12], muscle injury [13] and anterior cruciate ligament injury [14]. Some studies concluded with promising outcomes that will hopefully set the new milestones of treatment options.…”

“…PRP has proved equally efficient as conventional methods to treat muscle and anterior cruciate ligament injury [13,14]; 80 athletes suffering from acute hamstring muscle injury were treated with intramuscular PRP or placebo injections [13]. The time elapsed until the beginning of sports activities was then measured.…”