Myths and Realities of Prison Violence: A Review of the Evidence

Byrne, Jeannette M.; Hummer, Don

doi:10.1080/15564880601087241

Cited by 61 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The importation model of inmate behavior posits that pre-confinement characteristics and behaviors contribute to inmate misconduct (Irwin & Cressey, 1962), and decades of research have shown that individual-level risk factors, such as prior arrests and convictions, gang history, active criminal justice status, substance abuse history, recurrent prison confinements, and others (Byrne & Hummer, 2007;Cao, Zhao, & Van Dine, 1997;Cunningham & Sorensen, 2007;DeLisi, Berg, & Hochstetler, 2004;Fox, 1958;Gaes, Wallace, Gilman, Klein-Saffran, & Suppa, 2002;Griffin & Hepburn, 2006;Hochstetler & DeLisi, 2005;Trulson, DeLisi, & Marquart, in press;Trulson, Marquart, & Kawucha, 2006;cf., DeLisi et al, 2009;McReynolds & Wasserman, 2008) are associated with institutional misconduct and inmate violence. Less research has studied inmates' psychosocial characteristics, such as anger vis-à-vis criminal history as these variables relate to misconduct.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Consistent with the importation model of inmate behavior, prior research has shown that criminal history is strongly related to institutional misconduct (Berg & DeLisi, 2006;Byrne & Hummer, 2007Cunningham & Sorensen, 2007;DeLisi, 2003;DeLisi & Muñoz, 2003;Gendreau, Goggin, & Law, 1997;Myers & Levy, 1978;Trulson, 2007;Van Voorhis, 1993). DEPENDENT VARIABLES Four types of misconduct were included that span multiple dimensions of externalizing behaviors as is conventional in penological research (DeLisi et al, , 2009Steiner & Wooldredge, 2008, p. 452;Trulson et al, 2010;cf.…”

Section: Delinquency Historymentioning

confidence: 92%

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Angry Inmates Are Violent Inmates: A Poisson Regression Approach to Youthful Offenders

DeLisi

Caudill

Trulson

et al. 2010

Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice

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The importation model of inmate behavior posits that pre-confinement characteristics and behaviors contribute to inmate misconduct; however most of this research has centered on criminal history and not psychosocial characteristics that might predict misconduct, namely anger. Controlling for 14 confounds, including psychiatric symptoms, age, race, gender, commitment offense type, and four measures of prior delinquency, anger significantly predicted sexual misconduct, staff assaults, and aggressive misconduct and approached significance in predicting 419 420 M. DeLisi et al. ward assaults. ROC-AUC analyses indicated that the MASYI-2 angry-irritable scale had significant but modest classification power, with sensitivities ranging from .58 to .66. Suggestions for future research are provided.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Delinquency Historymentioning

confidence: 92%

Angry Inmates Are Violent Inmates: A Poisson Regression Approach to Youthful Offenders

DeLisi

Caudill

Trulson

et al. 2010

Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice

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“…However, both the underrating of violent behaviors in prison and the ratio to community violence decrease with the severity of the assault. Following a decline that began in the 1960s (Byrne & Hummer, ; Cunningham, Sorensen, Vigen, & Woods, ), the rate of US prison lethal assaults in the 2007–2010 period represents around 2% of male inmate deaths (Zeng et al, ). In addition, the ratio to community homicide levels out at 1:9 (Mumola, ).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting physically violent misconduct in prison: A comparison of four risk assessment instruments

Abbiati

Palix

Gasser

et al. 2018

Behavioral Sci & The Law

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Violence in correctional facilities is an important issue for both prisoners and prison staff. Risk assessment instruments have demonstrated their accuracy in predicting the risk of (re) offending and institutional violence in psychiatric settings, but less is known about their ability to predict violent misconduct in prison. The present study applied four risk assessment instruments (Structured Assessment of Protective Factors for violence risk, Historical Clinical Risk Management-20, Psychopathy checklist - Revised, and Violent Risk Appraisal Guide) to 52 violent offenders in a Swiss prison in order to evaluate the instruments' predictive validities. Outcomes were instances of physically violent, other and any misconduct as recorded in prison files during the 12 months following the prisoners' assessments. Approximately 15% of offenders committed physically violent misconduct and approximately 42% committed any misconduct. The results show that mainly dynamic assessment tools are as good predictors of physically violent misconduct as mainly static assessment tools. Targeting dynamic factors could increase the effectiveness of interventions to reduce the risk of physical violence in prison.

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“…Twelve control variables were used based on their empirical links to institutional misconduct (Berg & DeLisi, 2006;Byrne & Hummer, 2007;Byrne, Hummer, & Taxman, 2008;DeLisi, 2003;Trulson, 2007;Trulson & Marquart, 2002). Five of these are demographics including age (M ¼ 16.88, SD ¼ 1.11, range ¼ 12.6-20.4) that was continuously coded and sex (male 81.2%, n ¼ 660, female 18.8%, n ¼ 153), which was dichotomized.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cycle of Violence Behind Bars: Traumatization and Institutional Misconduct Among Juvenile Delinquents in Confinement

DeLisi

Drury

Kosloski

et al. 2009

Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice

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The prospective link between early life exposure to violence and victimization and subsequent antisocial behaviors is known as the cycle of violence. Although the cycle of violence has been linked to an array of behavioral and psychiatric outcomes, less is known about its relationship to compliance with the juvenile/criminal justice systems. Data from 813 confined delinquents selected from the California Youth Authority and the Traumatic Experiences scale from the Massachusetts Youth Screening Instrument Version 2 (MAYSI-2) were used to examine the cycle of violence and three forms of misconduct. After controlling for other 18 demographics, delinquent history, commitment offense type, and comorbid psychiatric symptoms that are consistent with the importation model of inmate behavior, the authors found that wards with greater exposure to early life trauma evinced more sexual misconduct, suicidal activity, and total misconduct reviewed by the parole board. Implications and discussion for future research are offered.

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Myths and Realities of Prison Violence: A Review of the Evidence

Cited by 61 publications

References 15 publications

Angry Inmates Are Violent Inmates: A Poisson Regression Approach to Youthful Offenders

Angry Inmates Are Violent Inmates: A Poisson Regression Approach to Youthful Offenders

Predicting physically violent misconduct in prison: A comparison of four risk assessment instruments

The Cycle of Violence Behind Bars: Traumatization and Institutional Misconduct Among Juvenile Delinquents in Confinement

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