n-3 fatty acids from fish and coronary artery disease: implications for public health

Schmidt, Erik Berg; Skou, Helle Aarup; Christensen, Jeppe H.; Dyerberg, Jørn

doi:10.1017/s1368980000000112

Cited by 71 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 84 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The beneficial effects of fish (especially fatty fish) and fish oil intake on lipid concentrations have been reported by others (12,13,(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35) . In the present study, in healthy, non-smoking subjects with normal BMI, high intake of fatty fish for 4 weeks resulted in reduced serum TAG and elevated HDL-cholesterol concentrations when compared with high intake of lean meat and higher HDL-cholesterol concentration when compared with lean fish intake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Numerous studies in overweight, dyslipidaemic, hypertensive, insulin-resistant and/or diabetic subjects have been conducted to investigate the effects of fish intake on serum lipids and glucose regulation (12,13,17,18,(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)47) ; however, no studies on the effect of high fish intake in a group of young, healthy, nonsmoking, normal-weight adults have been published to date. In the present study, we investigated the effects of high intake of lean or fatty fish compared with lean meat for 4 weeks on serum lipids and glucose regulation in healthy, normal-weight adults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Serum fructosamine concentration as a measure of the mean glucose concentration over the last 1-3 weeks (27) was examined. In addition, methylglyoxal (MG) and N ε -(carboxymethyl) lysine (CML) were analysed, as changes in lipid and glucose regulation may affect the production of MG from the glycation process by degradation of glucose, Schiff's bases or from Amadori products such as fructosamine, and the production of CML insulin-resistant and/or diabetic subjects (12)(13)(17)(18)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37) ; however, as no studies on the effect of high fish intake in a group of young, healthy, non-smoking, normal-weight adults have been published, little is known about how fish intake may affect lipid and glucose metabolism in this population. As the choice of preparation methods of fish and meat as well as the choices of side dishes and accessories may explain some of the different health effects from fish consumption compared with meat (38)(39)(40)(41) , participants in the present study were instructed to follow a recipe booklet to prepare fish and lean meat dinners, respectively, with comparable preparation methods and side dishes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

High intake of fatty fish, but not of lean fish, affects serum concentrations of TAG and HDL-cholesterol in healthy, normal-weight adults: a randomised trial

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of the present study was to examine whether high intake of lean or fatty fish (cod and farmed salmon, respectively) by healthy, normal-weight adults would affect risk factors of type 2 diabetes and CVD when compared with lean meat (chicken). More knowledge is needed concerning the potential health effects of high fish intake (>300 g/week) in normal-weight adults. In this randomised clinical trial, thirty-eight young, healthy, normal-weight participants consumed 750 g/week of lean or fatty fish or lean meat (as control) for 4 weeks at dinner according to provided recipes to ensure similar ways of preparations and choices of side dishes between the groups. Energy and macronutrient intakes at baseline and end point were similar in all groups, and there were no changes in energy and macronutrient intakes within any of the groups during the course of the study. High intake of fatty fish, but not lean fish, significantly reduced TAG and increased HDL-cholesterol concentrations in fasting serum when compared with lean meat intake. When compared with lean fish intake, fatty fish intake increased serum HDL-cholesterol. No differences were observed between lean fish, fatty fish and lean meat groups regarding fasting and postprandial glucose regulation. These findings suggest that high intake of fatty fish, but not of lean fish, could beneficially affect serum concentrations of TAG and HDL-cholesterol, which are CVD risk factors, in healthy, normal-weight adults, when compared with high intake of lean meat.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

High intake of fatty fish, but not of lean fish, affects serum concentrations of TAG and HDL-cholesterol in healthy, normal-weight adults: a randomised trial

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is likely that combined analysis of nPs and nFs would reflect lipid oxidation in DHA-rich tissues such as brain more comprehensively than either analyte alone. DHA is one of the main polyunsaturated fatty acids in fatty fish (13), and fish oil supplements rich in DHA (14) are popular as food supplements, either alone or in combination with vitamins and minerals. Fish oils have pleiotropic effects of potential benefit in the treatment of dyslipidemias (15), hypertension (16), and inflammation (17).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although they impact on biomarkers of risk, limited evidence for a beneficial effect of fish oils or high fish consumption on clinical outcomes presently derives from randomized trials (22)(23)(24)(25)(26). A potential mechanism by which beneficial effects might be transduced is via a shift from metabolic products of AA to those of -3 fatty acids, such as eicosapentaenoic acid and DHA (14,27,28). Aside from the enzymatic products of these fatty acids, the biological importance of their relatively greater susceptibility to lipid peroxidation than -6 analogs is unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurofurans, Novel Indices of Oxidant Stress Derived from Docosahexaenoic Acid

Song

Lawson

Reilly

et al. 2008

Journal of Biological Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Isoeicosanoids are free radical-catalyzed isomers of the enzymatic products of arachidonic acid. They are formed in situ in cell membranes, are cleaved, circulate, and are excreted in urine. Isomers of prostaglandin F 2␣ , the F 2 -isoprostanes, have emerged as sensitive indices of lipid peroxidation in vivo. Analogous compounds formed from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are termed neuroprostanes and are more abundant than isoprostanes (iPs) in brain. Isofurans are another class of isoeicosanoids characterized by a substituted tetrahydrofuran ring. They are preferentially formed, relative to iPs, under conditions of elevated oxygen tension. Here, we report the discovery of neurofurans (nFs), the analogous family of compounds formed from DHA. Isoprostanes (iPs) 2 are prostaglandin isomers derived by free radical attack on esterified arachidonic acid (AA) in cell membranes (1). They are then cleaved, presumably by phospholipases, circulate in plasma, and are excreted in urine, where they can be quantified by immunologic methods or by mass spectrometry. Isomers of PGF 2␣ , F 2 -iPs, have been measured in urine as indices of in vivo lipid peroxidation (2). Compounds analogous to the F 2 -iPs may be formed from other fatty acid substrates. For example, neuroprostanes (nPs) are iPs derived from the -3 fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (3). Given that DHA is more abundant than AA in brain, the nPs may prove to be a more attractive biomarker of neurodegeneration than are the iPs (4). Consequently, there is considerable interest in the use of these compounds as indices of progression in neurodegeneration, such as in Alzheimer disease (AD) (5).The isofurans (iFs) are a family of free radical-induced peroxidation products of AA (6). They are even more abundant than iPs in tissues as diverse as kidney and hippocampus in the rat and may offer an adjunctive approach to the assessment of oxidant stress in vivo (6, 7). They are formed preferentially under conditions of elevated oxygen tension (6).Here we report the characterization of the analogous compounds derived from DHA: the neurofurans (nFs). Quantitative assessment of nFs in vivo reveals modulated formation under conditions of elevated and diminished oxidant stress. Given the abundance of DHA in the brain, analysis of nFs may have particular value in the quantitative assessment of lipid peroxidation in neurodegenerative disease. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES In Vivo Oxidation: Analysis of Liver from CCl 4 -treated MiceTreatment of mice with CCl 4 was used to induce oxidant injury to the liver as previously described (8). Three-month-old C57/BL6 male mice were fasted overnight and then administered intraperitoneal injections of CCl 4 (4 g/kg of body weight). CCl 4 was mixed with canola oil (1:1 by volume). The mice were anesthetized with CO 2 prior to sacrifice at 0, 1, 2.5, 7.5, and 20 h after CCl 4 administration, and their livers were removed and rapidly frozen in liquid nitrogen prior to storage at Ϫ80°C. Total lipids were extracted using a modified Folch procedure (9). Br...

show abstract

References

2009

Food and Western Disease

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

n-3 fatty acids from fish and coronary artery disease: implications for public health

Abstract: Objective: To review and discuss the effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) from fish in the prevention and, primarily, in the treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD). Design: Overview of the literature. Setting: Denmark.

Cited by 71 publications

References 84 publications

High intake of fatty fish, but not of lean fish, affects serum concentrations of TAG and HDL-cholesterol in healthy, normal-weight adults: a randomised trial

High intake of fatty fish, but not of lean fish, affects serum concentrations of TAG and HDL-cholesterol in healthy, normal-weight adults: a randomised trial

Neurofurans, Novel Indices of Oxidant Stress Derived from Docosahexaenoic Acid

References

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About