n -3 Fatty acids plus oleic acid and vitamin supplemented milk consumption reduces total and LDL cholesterol, homocysteine and levels of endothelial adhesion molecules in healthy humans.

Baró, L; Fonolla, J.; Peña, Jhonatan; Martínez-Férez, Antonio; Lucena, Antônio Anildo Gomes de; Jiménez, Jesús; Bozá, J.; López‐Huertas, Eduardo

doi:10.1054/clnu.2002.0620

Cited by 71 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Hence, based on our results, we cannot attribute a beneficial effect to ALA or the marine fatty acids with regard to markers of endothelial integrity in healthy elderly. We do not think that the amount of ingested EPA/DHA in the present study was too low to induce an effect on endothelial markers, as other studies showed beneficial effects after low to moderate intakes of n-3 fish fatty acids Thies et al, 2001;Baro et al, 2003;Berstad et al, 2003;Hjerkinn et al, 2005). Our study duration was however shorter than those of other studies, which may have masked any beneficial effects of EPA/DHA on these endothelial markers.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Effects of alpha-linolenic acid versus those of EPA/DHA on cardiovascular risk markers in healthy elderly subjects

Goyens

Mensink

2006

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objective: To compare the effects of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, C18:3n-3) to those of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5n-3) plus docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6n-3) on cardiovascular risk markers in healthy elderly subjects. Design: A randomized double-blind nutritional intervention study. Setting: Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands. Subjects: Thirty-seven mildly hypercholesterolemic subjects, 14 men and 23 women aged between 60 and 78 years. Interventions: During a run-in period of 3 weeks, subjects consumed an oleic acid-rich diet. The following 6 weeks, 10 subjects remained on the control diet, 13 subjects consumed an ALA-rich diet (6.8 g/day) and 14 subjects an EPA/DHA-rich diet (1.05 g EPA/day þ 0.55 g DHA/day). Results: Both n-3 fatty acid diets did not change concentrations of total-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triacylglycerol and apoA-1 when compared with the oleic acid-rich diet. However, after the EPA/DHA-rich diet, LDL-cholesterol increased by 0.39 mmol/l (P ¼ 0.0323, 95% CI (0.030, 0.780 mmol/l)) when compared with the ALA-rich diet. Intake of EPA/ DHA also increased apoB concentrations by 14 mg/dl (P ¼ 0.0031, 95% CI (4, 23 mg/dl)) and 12 mg/dl (P ¼ 0.005, 95% CI (3, 21 mg/dl)) versus the oleic acid and ALA-rich diet, respectively. Except for an EPA/DHA-induced increase in tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) of 14.6% (P ¼ 0.0184 versus ALA diet, 95% CI (1.5, 18.3%)), changes in markers of hemostasis and endothelial integrity did not reach statistical significance following consumption of the two n-3 fatty acid diets. Conclusions: In healthy elderly subjects, ALA might affect concentrations of LDL-cholesterol and apoB more favorably than EPA/DHA, whereas EPA/DHA seems to affect TFPI more beneficially.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Effects of alpha-linolenic acid versus those of EPA/DHA on cardiovascular risk markers in healthy elderly subjects

Goyens

Mensink

2006

Eur J Clin Nutr

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“…This observation may serve as an explantation to the association between the higher risk of acute coronary syndrome that was seen for VCAM-1, OR = 13, but not seen for sICAM,OR = 8.4. It is believed that sVCAM-1 level is prognostic for the development of coronary artery disease, though several authors documented its diagnostic role only in the stable phase of CAD or as soon as after the 6 th month following ACS [13]. In our analysis, after 6 months following ACS and optimal medical therapy, sVCAM-1 concentration increased (p = 0.01).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…In our analysis, after 6 months following ACS and optimal medical therapy, sVCAM-1 concentration increased (p = 0.01). There are studies heralding the role of VCAM-1 in the optimization of CAD therapy, as it was shown that a decrease in the expression of VCAM-1 can be observed along with the administration of antioxidants and polyunsaturated fatty acids as well as in patients chronically treated with ACE inhibitors, statins and fibrates [13][14][15][16]. The elevation of sVCAM-1 seen in our study following the six-month-long optimal medical therapy might require further explanation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Soluble Cell Adhesion Molecules – Does Estimating sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 Concentration Provide Additional Information About Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease?

Hulok¹,

Ściborski²,

Marczak³

et al. 2014

Adv Clin Exp Med

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Objectives. Cell adhesion molecules (CAM) are thought to have a great impact on endothelium functioning. Interaction between CAM and a receptor may lead to macrophage activation and the release of multiple enzymes such as elastases and colagenases. These enzymes can, in turn, play a role in atherosclerotic plaque destabilization and initiation of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The main aim of this study was to assess the role of sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 in the risk stratification of ACS. Material and Methods. 63 patients -mean age 62.7 ± 9.5 years (26 women, 37 men) -were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups: I -patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) diagnosed by coronary angiography (n = 45: 15 women; 30 men); and II -patients without apparent CAD in coronary angiography (n = 18: 11 women, 7 men). In both groups, samples required for sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 level measurements were collected before the angiography. Results. Mean age, prevalence of arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease did not differ between the groups. Levels of sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 were significantly higher in group I (group I vs. group II: 850.3 ± 337.9 vs. 675.9 ± 178.8; p = 0.02 and 737.2 ± 353.5 vs. 428.5 ± 157.3; p = 0.001 respectively). ROC analysis revealed that there is significantly higher risk of ACS above the level of 700.15 ng/mL for sVCAM-1 and 407.8 ng/mL for sICAM-1. The level of sVCAM-1 was also found to be an independent risk factor of NSTEMI, OR 1.003 (95% CI: 1.0007-1.004); p = 0.007, but not of STEMI (p > 0.05). Conclusions. Levels of sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 were found to be negative predictors of acute coronary syndrome. Further studies should assess the relationship between sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 levels and the survival of patients suffering from CAD (Adv Clin Exp Med 2014, 23, 5, 735-741).

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“…Thus, the benefi cial infl uence on cardiovascular risk of dietary supplementation with EPA and DHA has been largely related to their effects in lowering fasting and postprandial serum TGLs ( 17,18 ). Contrarily, studies based on PUFA-enriched dairy food have controversial results when plasma LDLc levels are considered ( 19,20 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipidomic changes of LDL in overweight and moderately hypercholesterolemic subjects taking phytosterol- and omega-3-supplemented milk

Padró

Vilahur

Sánchez-Hernández

et al. 2015

Journal of Lipid Research

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The prevalence of overweight and obesity is increasing and represents a primary health concern due to the relationship between obesity and a number of diseases and comorbidities including hyperlipidemia, a major risk factor for atherosclerosis and CVD. Dyslipidemias, typically characterized by high serum LDL cholesterol (LDLc), or low levels of HDL cholesterol (HDLc), and/or elevated triglyceride (TGL) levels, are common among patients with established CVD, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and the metabolic syndrome ( 1 ).Because cholesterol lowering is a major target for reducing CVD risk ( 2 ), dietary interventions to reduce LDLc levels in individuals with borderline dyslipidemia and obesity without overall cardiovascular risk are becoming mandatory. Cholesterol concentrations within the circulatory pool are products of input from gut absorption and endogenous synthesis relative to clearance through Abstract The benefi ts of dietary phytosterols (PhySs) and long-chain n-3 PUFA ( 3) have been linked to their effects as cholesterol-and triglyceride (TGL)-lowering agents. However, it remains unknown whether these compounds have further metabolic effects on LDL lipid composition. Here, we studied the effects of PhyS-or 3-supplemented low-fat milk (milk) on the LDL-lipidome. Overweight and moderately hypercholesterolemic subjects (n = 32) were enrolled in a two-arm longitudinal crossover study. Milk (250 ml/day), enriched with either 1.57 g PhyS or 375 mg 3 (EPA + DHA), was given to the participants during two sequential 28 day intervention periods. Compared with baseline, PhyS-milk induced a higher reduction in the LDL cholesterol (LDLc) level than 3-milk. LDL resistance to oxidation was signifi cantly increased after intervention with PhyS-milk. Changes in TGL and VLDL cholesterol were only evident after 3-milk intake. Lipidomic analysis revealed a differential effect of the PhyS-and 3-milk interventions on the LDL lipid metabolite pattern. Content in LDL-glycerophospholipids was reduced after PhySmilk intake, with major changes in phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylserine subclasses, whereas 3-milk induced signifi cant changes in the long-chain polyunsaturated cholesteryl esters and in the ratio PC36:5/lysoPC16:0, associated to a reduced infl ammatory activity. In conclusion, daily intake of milk products containing PhyS or 3 supplements induce changes in the LDL-lipidome that indicate reduced infl ammatory and atherogenic effects, beyond their LDLc-and TGL-lowering effects. -Padro, T., G. Vilahur, J. S á nchez-Hern á ndez, M. Hern á ndez, R. M. Antonijoan, A. Perez, and L. Badimon. Lipidomic changes of LDL in overweight and moderately hypercholesterolemic

show abstract

n -3 Fatty acids plus oleic acid and vitamin supplemented milk consumption reduces total and LDL cholesterol, homocysteine and levels of endothelial adhesion molecules in healthy humans.

Cited by 71 publications

References 45 publications

Effects of alpha-linolenic acid versus those of EPA/DHA on cardiovascular risk markers in healthy elderly subjects

Effects of alpha-linolenic acid versus those of EPA/DHA on cardiovascular risk markers in healthy elderly subjects

Soluble Cell Adhesion Molecules – Does Estimating sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 Concentration Provide Additional Information About Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease?

Lipidomic changes of LDL in overweight and moderately hypercholesterolemic subjects taking phytosterol- and omega-3-supplemented milk

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