N-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acid therapy improves endothelial function and affects adiponectin and resistin balance in the first month after myocardial infarction

Abstract

IntroductionN-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) exert clinical beneficial effects in patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, their exact mechanisms of action are not well recognized yet. Our aim was to evaluate effects of early introduced n-3 PUFA supplementation on endothelial function and serum adipokine concentrations in patients with AMI.Material and methodsThirty-eight patients with AMI and successful coronary stent implantation were randomized to the study group (PUFA group: n = 19; standard therapy + PUFA 1 g daily) and the control group (control group: n = 19; standard therapy). The study group patients were given n-3 PUFA (Omacor 1 g daily) starting from the 3rd day of AMI. Ultrasound vascular indexes (flow-mediated dilatation [FMD], nitroglycerine-mediated dilation [NMD]) and serum concentrations of adiponectin and resistin (ELISA) were evaluated before and after 30 days of pharmacotherapy.ResultsComparison of the mean delta values (baseline/after 30 days of therapy) between groups revealed significant differences for delta FMD (PUFA 7.6 ±12.4% vs. control –1.7 ±10.5%, p = 0.019) and delta resistin concentrations (PUFA 1.0 ±3.8pg/ml vs. control –1.6 ±2.9pg/ml, p = 0.028). Multiple linear regression analysis for all subjects revealed the n-3 PUFA supplementation (r = 10.933, p = 0.004) and waist circumference (r = –0.467, p = 0.01) as independent factors associated with delta FMD values (R-adjusted 0.29; p = 0.002).ConclusionsEarly and short-term n-3 PUFA supplementation in AMI with successful primary PCI and optimal pharmacotherapy improves endothelial function. However, increased resistin serum levels observed after 1-month n-3 PUFA supplementation merits further investigations.

Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Increase Plasma Adiponectin to Leptin Ratio in Stable Coronary Artery Disease

“…On the other hand, no influence of omega-3 PUFA on adiponectin was observed in healthy overweight to moderately obese men and women [21]. Mizia-Stec et al demonstrated that adiponectin increased independently of omega-3 PUFA supplementation during the first month after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) [2], which may be explained by the recovery of AMI-induced acute phase pathophysiological abnormalities. Moreover, in the current study leptin decreased after intervention with omega-3 PUFA.…”

“…The potential of omega-3 PUFA to downregulate resistin gene expression has been shown in vitro [24]. In a small study [2] omega-3 PUFA in the first month after AMI contributed to a borderline increase in resistin. The discrepancy between that and our study, where no effect of omega-3 PUFA on resistin was observed, might be explained by a different study population (stable CAD versus AMI).…”

“…It has been demonstrated that omega-3 PUFA may reduce plasma triglyceride (TG) level, arrhythmias, oxidative stress, inflammation, and improve endothelial dysfunction [1, 2]. These agents can also produce antithrombotic effects including increased platelet response to clopidogrel [3], decreased thrombin formation, and favorable alterations to plasma fibrin clot properties [4].…”

Serum concentrations of adiponectin, leptin, resistin, ghrelin and insulin and their association with obesity indices in obese normo- and hypertensive patients – pilot study

“…The patient groups were small and therefore some results could not reach or were bordering on statistical significance. Also we could not evaluate sex-dependent differences in both groups because of too few patients, especially in group C. Therefore further detailed studies based on a larger population are needed for a more comprehensive evaluation [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36].…”

EPA and DHA increased PPARγ expression and deceased integrin-linked kinase and integrin β1 expression in rat glomerular mesangial cells treated with lipopolysaccharide

“…Fish oil, a type of PPARγ natural ligand, has been reported to slow the progress of kidney disease. A diet rich in n-3 PUFA, like EPA and DHA, has been associated with reduced triacylglycerol (TAG) levels, anti-infl ammatory action, pulmonary disease (9), and a lowered risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality (10)(11)(12)(13). A higher dietary intake of PUFA may protect against progression of chronic kidney disease (14).…”