n-3 PUFA status affects expression of genes involved in neuroenergetics differently in the fronto-parietal cortex compared to the CA1 area of the hippocampus: Effect of rest and neuronal activation in the rat

N-3 fatty acids, neuronal activity and energy metabolism in the brain

“…On the other side, the expression of neuronal GLUT3 does not change, supporting the concept that neurons are metabolically unable to increase their glucose uptake and utilization upon activation to sustain ATP demand (Choeiri et al, 2005). We reported similar data for GLUT gene expression in the fronto-parietal cortex of rats upon neuronal activation after exposition to an enriched environment (Harbeby et al, 2012).…”

“…Determination of cytochalasin B binding on the cortical brain microvessels, a measure of the density of endothelial GLUT1, confirmed that GLUT1 protein density was decreased at the BBB level in n-3 deficient rat (figure 2 Part B) (Pifferi et al, 2007). The lower protein amount of GLUT1 transporters results from a 25 to 30% reduction of the transcription of the gene encoding the two GLUT1 isoforms (Slc2a1) (figure 2 Part B) (Harbeby et al, 2012). This reduction in gene expression was also found during neuronal activation, supporting the hypothesis that the alteration of glucose uptake due to n-3 deficiency persists during brain activation (Harbeby et al, 2012).…”

“…The lower protein amount of GLUT1 transporters results from a 25 to 30% reduction of the transcription of the gene encoding the two GLUT1 isoforms (Slc2a1) (figure 2 Part B) (Harbeby et al, 2012). This reduction in gene expression was also found during neuronal activation, supporting the hypothesis that the alteration of glucose uptake due to n-3 deficiency persists during brain activation (Harbeby et al, 2012). A similar reduction of GLUT1 gene expression was also found in the olfactory bulb and the neocortex of n-3 deficient rats placed in basal and in olfactory learning conditions (Hichami et al, 2007).…”

“…A significant decrease in the activity of mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase activity was reported in several brain regions in rats deficient in n-3 fatty acids (Ximenes et al, 2002). Additionally, the gene expression of several OXPHOS genes encoding subunits of complexes involved in electron transport chain and of the critical enzyme F1F0 ATP synthase was affected by variation of dietary n-3 PUFAs (Kitajka et al, 2004;Harbeby et al, 2012).…”

Long-chain n-3 PUFAs from fish oil enhance resting state brain glucose utilization and reduce anxiety in an adult nonhuman primate, the grey mouse lemur

“…Brain glucose uptake is highly dependent on glucose transporter (GLUT) activity and especially GLUT1, which is localized in both endothelial cells of the bloodbrain barrier and astrocytes. Interestingly, n-3 PUFA-defi cient rats have lower expression of GLUT1 at both the gene and protein levels ( 11,12 ). The effect was specifi c to this GLUT because no change in neuronal GLUT3 expression was observed.…”