N-acetyl cysteine prevents pain and hypersensitivity of bleaching agents without affecting their aesthetic appeal; evidence from in vitro to animal studies and to human clinical trials

Wang, Diana; Kaur, Kawaljit; Lee, Eric; Wasilewski, Matthew; Sung, Danielle; Han, David; Sung, Eric; Jewett, Anahid

doi:10.1186/s41231-019-0048-1

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The same study concluded that NAC has the additional benefit of protecting stem cells from the action of bleaching agents. These findings reflect the safety of this agent and hence the choice of its use in our study [40]. In this study, NAC reversed the negative effect of H 2 O 2 on adhesion at both applications times.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…In a recent report using a series of in vitro and in vivo studies and clinical trials, NAC application before commencing bleaching led to decreased pain, sensitivity, and potential damage to tooth structure and oral mucosa [ 40 ]. The same study concluded that NAC has the additional benefit of protecting stem cells from the action of bleaching agents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Vitro Investigation of the Effects of Various Reducing Agents on Dentin Treated with Hydrogen Peroxide

Alatta,

Nassar,

Gorduysus

et al. 2024

Polymers

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We assessed the effect of non-protein thiols (NPSH), reduced glutathione (GSH) and n-acetylcysteine (NAC), on resin shear bond strength (SBS) to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-treated dentin, and their effects on the characteristics of dentin in comparison to ascorbic acid (AA) and sodium thiosulfate (STS). H2O2-treated dentin was conditioned with 5% AA, GSH, NAC, or STS applied for 1 or 5 min. The positive control group received H2O2 without antioxidant application, and the first negative control group received distilled water (DW). The specimens received resin bonding immediately after treatment except for the second negative control group (delayed bonding). Microhardness, roughness, and topography were studied. The SBS values of all antioxidants were statistically greater than the positive control group (p < 0.05); however, NAC and AA applied for 1 min demonstrated the highest values, which were comparable to delayed bonding. All treatments removed the smear layer except DW, H2O2, and STS. The negative effect of H2O2 on resin–dentin bonding was mitigated by the application of the antioxidants; however, their efficiencies were dependent on the antioxidant type and time of application. NAC was more effective in optimizing resin bonding to bleached dentin compared to GSH at 1 min application and STS at both application times but was comparable to AA. Negligible negative effects on the substrate’s roughness and microhardness were detected. The antioxidant properties of the agent and its capacity to remove the smear layer are the processes underpinning the ability of a certain antioxidant to reverse the effect of H2O2 on bonding.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Investigation of the Effects of Various Reducing Agents on Dentin Treated with Hydrogen Peroxide

Alatta,

Nassar,

Gorduysus

et al. 2024

Polymers

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The Potential Role of Cytotoxic Immune Effectors in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS); A Longitudinal Case Study Comparing Patients with Genetically Identical Healthy Twin

Kaur¹,

Chen²,

Ko³

et al. 2023

Crit Rev Immunol

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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an auto-immune neurodegenerative disorder affecting the motor-neurons. The causes of ALS are heterogeneous, and are only partially understood to date. We studied percentage and function of immune cell subsets in particular natural killer (NK) and CD8+ T cells in an ALS patient and compared the results to those obtained from his genetically identical healthy twin in a longitudinal study. We found several basic mechanisms which were potentially involved in the disease induction and progression. Our findings demonstrate that ALS patient's peripheral blood contained higher NK and B cells and, lower T cell percentages compared with the healthy twin brother's peripheral blood. Significantly increased interferon-gamma secretion by anti-CD3/28 monoclonal antibody-treated peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and sorted CD8+ T cells were observed in the ALS patient, suggesting that hyper-responsiveness of T cell compartment could be a potential mechanism of ALS progression. Significant increase in NK cell function due to genetic mutations in ALS associated genes may partly be responsible for the increase expansion and function of CD8+ T cells with effector/memory phenotype, in addition to direct activation and expansion of antigen specific T cells by such mutations. Weekly <i>N</i>-acetyl cysteine infusion to block cell death in patient in addition to a number of other therapies listed in this paper were not effective, and even though the treatments might have extended the patient's life, it was not curative. Therefore, activated CD8+ T and NK cells are likely cells targeting motor neurons in the patient, and strategies should be designed to decrease the aggressive nature of these cells to achieve longer lasting therapeutic benefits.

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Protein Intake and Oral Health in Older Adults—A Narrative Review

et al. 2022

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Oral health is vital to general health and well-being for all ages, and as with other chronic conditions, oral health problems increase with age. There is a bi-directional link between nutrition and oral health, in that nutrition affects the health of oral tissues and saliva, and the health of the mouth may affect the foods consumed. Evidence suggests that a healthy diet generally has a positive impact on oral health in older adults. Although studies examining the direct link between oral health and protein intake in older adults are limited, some have explored the relationship via malnutrition, which is also prevalent among older adults. Protein–energy malnutrition (PEM) may be associated with poor oral health, dental caries, enamel hypoplasia, and salivary gland atrophy. This narrative review presents the theoretical evidence on the impact of dietary protein and amino acid composition on oral health, and their combined impact on overall health in older adults.

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N-acetyl cysteine prevents pain and hypersensitivity of bleaching agents without affecting their aesthetic appeal; evidence from in vitro to animal studies and to human clinical trials

Cited by 3 publications

References 41 publications

In Vitro Investigation of the Effects of Various Reducing Agents on Dentin Treated with Hydrogen Peroxide

In Vitro Investigation of the Effects of Various Reducing Agents on Dentin Treated with Hydrogen Peroxide

The Potential Role of Cytotoxic Immune Effectors in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS); A Longitudinal Case Study Comparing Patients with Genetically Identical Healthy Twin

Protein Intake and Oral Health in Older Adults—A Narrative Review

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