N-Cadherin Is Expressed by Putative Stem/Progenitor Cells and Melanocytes in the Human Limbal Epithelial Stem Cell Niche

Hayashi, Ryuhei; Yamato, Masayuki; Sugiyama, Hiroaki; Sumide, Taizo; Yang, Joseph; Okano, Teruo; Tano, Yasuo; Nishida, Kohji

doi:10.1634/stemcells.2006-0167

Cited by 128 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…However, in this study, Ncadherin expression has been shown to be lost during the in vitro culture of those cells. These data suggest that Ncadherin is an important cell-to-cell adhesion mediator between LESC and their niche and potentially marks these cells in vivo; however, it is not useful as an in vitro putative stem cell marker (Hayashi et al 2007). …”

Section: Other Important Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological principals and clinical potentials of limbal epithelial stem cells

Notara¹,

Daniels²

2007

Cell Tissue Res

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In this review, we describe a population of adult stem cells that are currently being successfully used in the clinic to treat blinding ocular surface disease, namely limbal epithelial stem cells (LESC). The function and characteristics of LESC and the challenges faced in making use of their therapeutic potential will be examined. The cornea on the front surface of the eye provides our window on the world. The consistency and functionality of the outer-most corneal epithelium is essential for vision. A population of LESC are responsible for replenishing the epithelium throughout life by providing a constant supply of daughter cells that replace those constantly removed from the ocular surface during normal wear and tear and following injury. LESC deficiency results in corneal inflammation, opacification, vascularisation and severe discomfort. The transplantation of cultured LESC is one of only a few examples of the successful use of adult stem cell therapy in patients. The clinical precedence for the use of stem cell therapy and the ready accessibility of a transparent stem cell niche make the cornea a unique model for the study of adult stem cells in health and disease.

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Section: Other Important Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological principals and clinical potentials of limbal epithelial stem cells

Notara¹,

Daniels²

2007

Cell Tissue Res

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“…Unlike that of the cornea, the basement membrane of the limbus is undulating with papillae or 'pegs' of stroma extending upward [54] and fenestrated [55,56]; these anatomic features in the limbus suggest that limbal epithelial SCs might closely interact with cells in the underlying limbal stroma (Figure 2). The preferential expression of a9 integrin [19] and N-cadherin [26] without connexin 43 [11] also suggests that limbal SCs interact with unique extracellular components in the niche. Compositionally, other than laminin-1 and laminin-5, the limbal basement membrane also expresses laminin a2b2 chains, while the corneal basement membrane does not.…”

Section: Where Is the Limbal Stem Cell Niche?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, the SC-containing limbal epithelium has a high proliferative potential in different cultures [12][13][14][15], and their in vitro proliferation is resistant to the inhibition by tumor-promoting phorbol esters [13,16,17]. Furthermore, limbal basal epithelial cells express cytokeratin 19 [18], and integrin a9 [10,19], and preferentially express such progenitor markers as p63 [20], especially its ∆Np63a isoform [21,22], Bcrp1/ABCG2 [10,[23][24][25], and N-cadherin [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Niche regulation of corneal epithelial stem cells at the limbus

et al. 2007

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Among all adult somatic stem cells, those of the corneal epithelium are unique in their exclusive location in a defined limbal structure termed Palisades of Vogt. As a result, surgical engraftment of limbal epithelial stem cells with or without ex vivo expansion has long been practiced to restore sights in patients inflicted with limbal stem cell deficiency. Nevertheless, compared to other stem cell examples, relatively little is known about the limbal niche, which is believed to play a pivotal role in regulating self-renewal and fate decision of limbal epithelial stem cells. This review summarizes relevant literature and formulates several key questions to guide future research into better understanding of the pathogenesis of limbal stem cell deficiency and further improvement of the tissue engineering of the corneal epithelium by focusing on the limbal niche.

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“…In the basal layers of the interpalisade rete ridges, small, round cells, exhibiting morphological features of primitive stem cells were shown (16,38,100,101). Protection of stem cells is thought to be fulfilled by three attributes of the palisades: they are situated in those parts of the cornea that are most protected by the eyelids; they contain melanocytes that safeguard stem cells from UV radiation by the transfer of melanin granules (35,38,102,103); in addition, protection from mechanical shear forces is provided at the bottom of the rete pegs. The palisade ridge regions contain blood vessels that can provide nutrients and other supportive factors for the SCs (1,39,58,101).…”

Section: The Limbal Epithelial Stem Cell Nichementioning

confidence: 99%

Stem cells of the adult cornea: From cytometric markers to therapeutic applications

et al. 2008

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The cornea is a major protective shield of the interior of the eye and represents two thirds of its refractive power. It is made up of three tissue layers that have different developmental origins: the outer, epithelial layer develops from the ectoderm overlying the lens vesicle, whereas the stroma and the endothelium have mesenchymal origin. In the adult organism, the outermost corneal epithelium is the most exposed to environmental damage, and its constant renewal is assured by the epithelial stem cells that reside in the limbus, the circular border of the cornea. Cell turnover in the stromal layer is very slow and the endothelial cells probably do not reproduce in the adult organism. However, recent experimental evidence indicates that stem cells may be found in these layers. Damage to any of the corneal layers leads to loss of transparency and low vision. Corneal limbal stem cell deficiency results in severe ocular surface disease and its treatment by transplantating ex vivo expanded limbal epithelial cells is becoming widely accepted today. Stromal and endothelial stem cells are potential tools of tissue engineering and regenerative therapies of corneal ulcers and endothelial cell loss. In the past few years, intensive research has focused on corneal stem cells aiming to improve the outcomes of the current corneal stem cell transplantation techniques. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on corneal epithelial, stromal and endothelial stem cells. Special emphasis is placed on the molecular markers that may help to identify these cells, and the recently revealed mechanisms that could maintain their ''stemness'' or drive their differentiation. The techniques for isolating and culturing/ expanding these cells are also described. '

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N-Cadherin Is Expressed by Putative Stem/Progenitor Cells and Melanocytes in the Human Limbal Epithelial Stem Cell Niche

Cited by 128 publications

References 42 publications

Biological principals and clinical potentials of limbal epithelial stem cells

Biological principals and clinical potentials of limbal epithelial stem cells

Niche regulation of corneal epithelial stem cells at the limbus

Stem cells of the adult cornea: From cytometric markers to therapeutic applications

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