In this work, the
degradation of tetracycline (TC) in water by
the integrated ultrasound (US)-Fenton process was investigated. For
this, a new composite Fe/N–C-
x
(
x
is the molar ratio of iron salt Fe(NO
3
)
3
·9H
2
O) catalyst was synthesized through simple carbonization of
the mixture of glucose and iron salt Fe(NO
3
)
3
·9H
2
O in the presence of ammonium chloride as the
nitrogen source. The resultant catalysts were characterized by X-ray
diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy,
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,
vibrating sample magnetometer, and N
2
adsorption–desorption,
showing a typical graphite porous structure and good magnetic properties.
The results indicated that the optimized Fe/N–C-2 catalyst
prepared with a mole ratio of glucose/Fe(NO
3
)
3
·9H
2
O/NH
4
Cl of 5:2:16.8 exhibited the
highest TC removal in the Fe/N–C-2/H
2
O
2
/US system at a wide pH range from 3.0 to 11.0. At an initial pH
of 7.0, TC removal in the Fe/N–C-2/H
2
O
2
/TC/US system was 1.83, 18.69, and 28.75 times of that in Fe/N–C-2/TC/H
2
O
2
, H
2
O
2
/TC/US, and TC/H
2
O
2
systems, showing a positive synergistic action
between US and Fe/N–C-2. The effects of catalyst dosage, H
2
O
2
concentration, ultrasonic power, humic acid,
and coexisting anions on TC removal were investigated. The preliminary
analysis suggested that the Fe–N species and the graphite N
dispersed in the carbon matrix are responsible for the efficient catalytic
activity. By a simple magnetic separation, the Fe/N–C-2 catalyst
was easily recovered and used for the next degradation experiment.
Above 88% catalytic ability of Fe/N–C-2 was retained even after
six successive runs, suggesting its good reusability. The simple preparation
strategy, good magnetic property, and good catalytic ability of the
Fe/N–C-2 materials make them promising alternative Fenton-like
catalysts for the antibiotics abatement in water.