“…Among potential candidates to replace the commonly used carbon (graphite) as anode material, titanium dioxide as well as titania-based materials have been investigated. Titanium dioxide has been recognized as one of the promising anode materials for LIBs among transition metal oxides, by virtue of its attractive properties which include low cost, high chemical stability, low solubility in organic solution, eco-friendliness, high energy density, and easy availability [5,7,10,12]. In addition, intercalation/deintercalation of titania offers good cycling stability, low volume expansion during charging/ discharging, and increased safety by virtue of the high Li-insertion potential (1.6-1.8 V vs. Li + /Li) [1,3,[12][13][14].…”