N-fertilization and disturbance impacts and their interaction in forest-tundra vegetation

Manninen, Outi; Tolvanen, Anne

doi:10.1007/s11258-013-0271-1

Cited by 7 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 52 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…czerepanovii ) forest and a tundra. In agreement with earlier studies (Grellmann 2002 ; Mack et al 2004 ; Ylänne et al 2020 ), within the initial 4-year timeframe, both N-fertilization and disturbance alone increased the share of deciduous dwarf shrubs and graminoids at the expense of evergreen dwarf shrubs, and the strongest increase in graminoid share was detected under combined N-fertilization and disturbance (Manninen and Tolvanen 2013 ). The total plant abundance recovered more rapidly in the mountain birch forest with a higher share of graminoids and deciduous dwarf shrubs than in the tundra with a higher share of evergreen dwarf shrubs (Manninen and Tolvanen 2013 ), thus supporting earlier results that the initial community composition is important for plant community responses to perturbations (Speed et al 2010 ; Sundqvist et al 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Graminoids and deciduous dwarf shrubs exhibit faster growth and recover more rapidly from the loss of biomass than slow-growing evergreen dwarf shrubs, which are more sensitive to physical damage (Aerts 2010 ; Olofsson et al 2005 ; Tolvanen 1994 ; Tybirk et al 2000 ). Consequently, enhanced nutrients commonly have synergistic effects with disturbances leading to especially strong shifts in vegetation when these two perturbations occur in combination (Manninen et al 2011 ; Manninen and Tolvanen 2013 ; Strengbom and Nordin 2012 ). As plant species and functional types differ in their responses to N-addition and disturbances, the initial plant community structure is a major determinant for plant community responses to perturbations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

N-fertilization and disturbance exert long-lasting complex legacies on subarctic ecosystems

Manninen,

Myrsky,

Tolvanen

et al. 2024

Oecologia

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Subarctic ecosystems are subjected to increasing nitrogen (N) enrichment and disturbances that induce particularly strong effects on plant communities when occurring in combination. There is little experimental evidence on the longevity of these effects. We applied N-fertilization (40 kg urea-N ha−1 year−1 for 4 years) and disturbance (removal of vegetation and organic soil layer on one occasion) in two plant communities in a subarctic forest-tundra ecotone in northern Finland. Within the first four years, N-fertilization and disturbance increased the share of deciduous dwarf shrubs and graminoids at the expense of evergreen dwarf shrubs. Individual treatments intensified the other’s effect resulting in the strongest increase in graminoids under combined N-fertilization and disturbance. The re-analysis of the plant communities 15 years after cessation of N-fertilization showed an even higher share of graminoids. 18 years after disturbance, the total vascular plant abundance was still substantially lower and the share of graminoids higher. At the same point, the plant community composition was the same under disturbance as under combined N-fertilization and disturbance, indicating that multiple perturbations no longer reinforced the other’s effect. Yet, complex interactions between N-fertilization and disturbance were still detected in the soil. We found higher organic N under disturbance and lower microbial N under combined N-fertilization and disturbance, which suggests a lower bioavailability of N sources for soil microorganisms. Our findings support that the effects of enhanced nutrients and disturbance on subarctic vegetation persist over decadal timescales. However, they also highlight the complexity of plant–soil interactions that drive subarctic ecosystem responses to multiple perturbations across varying timescales.

show abstract

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

N-fertilization and disturbance exert long-lasting complex legacies on subarctic ecosystems

Manninen,

Myrsky,

Tolvanen

et al. 2024

Oecologia

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Grasses and dwarf shrubs are also clonal plants, which recover both from the seed and from their below-ground parts after a disturbance (Granström 1988;Hautala et al 2008;Tarvainen et al 2012;Manninen and Tolvanen 2013). Grasses and dwarf shrubs are also clonal plants, which recover both from the seed and from their below-ground parts after a disturbance (Granström 1988;Hautala et al 2008;Tarvainen et al 2012;Manninen and Tolvanen 2013).…”

Section: Promoting Vegetation Succession By Ripping and Adding Mulchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Healing the wounds in the landscape—reclaiming gravel roads in conservation areas

Tarvainen

Tolvanen

2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Reclaiming abandoned and unmaintained roads, built originally for forestry and mineral extraction, is an important part of ecological restoration, because the roads running through natural habitats cause fragmentation. The roads can be reclaimed in a passive way by blocking access to the road, but successful seedling recruitment may require additional management due to the physical constraints present at the road. We established a full factorial study to compare the effects of three road reclaiming measures, namely ripping, creation of safe sites by adding mulch and pine seed addition, on soil processes, recovery of understorey vegetation and seedling recruitment in three conservation areas in eastern Finland. We surveyed soil organic matter, frequency and cover of plant functional types, litter and mineral soil, and number of tree seedlings. The soil organic matter was, on average, 1.3-fold in the 50-cm-deep ripping treatment relative to unripped and 20-cm-deep ripping treatments. The germination and survival of deciduous seedlings and grass establishment were promoted by adding mulch. The addition of pine seeds counteracted the seed limitation and enhanced the regeneration of trees. The treatment combination consisting of ripping, adding mulch and pine seed addition enhanced the vegetation succession and tree-seedling recruitment most: the cover of grasses, herbs and ericaceous dwarf shrubs was 1.3-7.6-fold and the number of coniferous tree seedlings was 3.4-7.1-fold relative to the other treatment combinations. Differences between short-term (1-3 years) and longer-term (6 years) results indicate the need for a sufficient observation period in road reclamation studies.

show abstract

“…Nitrogen addition effects on boreal forest floor vegetation have been extensively investigated mainly in experiments with repeated N additions (see for Nordin et al 2009;Hedwall et al 2013;Manninen and Tolvanen 2013). Here we show that the proliferation of A. flexuosa commonly seen as a response to continuous N additions, also occurs already a few months following one single N application, independent of the N form added.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Interplay between N-form and N-dose influences ecosystem effects of N addition to boreal forest

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aims Nitrogen (N) addition effects on boreal forest ecosystem are influenced by an interplay between Nform and N-dose. We hypothesize that trees take up organic N more efficiently than inorganic N and that unwanted side-effects of organic N are smaller. We predicted that 1) the tree growth response to arginine (ARG) addition is larger than to ammonium-nitrate (AN) and, 2) understory vegetation and ectomycorrhizal (EcM) changes following ARG addition are smaller than following AN addition.Methods We investigated the effects of AN and ARG addition (50 and 150 kg N ha) during five years on tree growth, understory vegetation and EcM fungi in a Pinus sylvestris L. forest (c 50 years old) in northern Sweden. Results N addition increased tree growth and changed understory vegetation composition with few significant differences between AN and ARG. Differences in responses mainly occurred for the bryophyte Pleurozium schreberi which decreased more from ARG, and for EcM sporocarps, which sharply declined from AN, but not from ARG. Conclusions We found very few differences in responses between AN and ARG addition with the exception of EcM and bryophytes. These species groups have several key functions in boreal forests and the differences in responses merits further investigations.

show abstract

N-fertilization and disturbance impacts and their interaction in forest-tundra vegetation

Cited by 7 publications

References 52 publications

N-fertilization and disturbance exert long-lasting complex legacies on subarctic ecosystems

N-fertilization and disturbance exert long-lasting complex legacies on subarctic ecosystems

Healing the wounds in the landscape—reclaiming gravel roads in conservation areas

Interplay between N-form and N-dose influences ecosystem effects of N addition to boreal forest

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About