N-fixation in legumes – An assessment of the potential threat posed by ozone pollution

Hewitt, Daniel; Mills, Gina; Hayes, Felicity; Norris, David A.; Coyle, Mhairi; Wilkinson, Sally; Davies, W. J.

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2015.09.016

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…The eO 3 reduced whole plant biomass, increased allocation to aboveground, altered growth plasticity, consequently resulting in substantial changes in hydraulic architecture and plant water relations. The eO 3 limited the growth of aboveground organs of soybean, but no changes in root growth and root/shoot ratio were found due to the similar decreases in shoot and root dry biomass, consistent with previous study on soybean (Morgan et al , Hewitt et al ). Besides its influence on biomass accumulation, eO 3 caused an increase in height growth at the expense of diameter growth (Table ), consistent with the findings that O 3 alters plant allometry towards slender stem shapes (Pretzsch et al , Grantz et al ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Elevated ozone concentration decreases whole‐plant hydraulic conductance and disturbs water use regulation in soybean plants

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2018

Physiologia Plantarum

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Elevated tropospheric ozone (O ) concentration has been shown to affect many aspects of plant performance including detrimental effects on leaf photosynthesis and plant growth. However, it is not known whether such changes are accompanied by concomitant responses in plant hydraulic architecture and water relations, which would have great implications for plant growth and survival in face of unfavorable water conditions. A soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cultivar commonly used in Northeast China was exposed to non-filtered air (NF, averaged 24.0 nl l ) and elevated O concentrations (eO , 40 nl l supplied with NF air) in six open-top chambers for 50 days. The eO treatment resulted in a significant decrease in whole-plant hydraulic conductance that is mainly attributable to the reduced hydraulic conductance of the root system and the leaflets, while stem and leaf petiole hydraulic conductance showed no significant response to eO . Stomatal conductance of plants grown under eO was lower during mid-morning but significantly higher at midday, which resulted in substantially more negative daily minimum water potentials. Moreover, excised leaves from the eO treated plants showed significantly higher rates of water loss, suggesting a lower ability to withhold water when water supply is impeded. Our results indicate that, besides the direct detrimental effects of eO on photosynthetic carbon assimilation, its influences on hydraulic architecture and water relations may also negatively affect O -sensitive crops by deteriorating the detrimental effects of unfavorable water conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Elevated ozone concentration decreases whole‐plant hydraulic conductance and disturbs water use regulation in soybean plants

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2018

Physiologia Plantarum

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“…The widely observed reduction in photosynthetic rate in response to O 3 is not fully understood, but is in part the result of a reduction in the leaf concentrations of chlorophyll and Rubisco (Glick et al, 1995;Fiscus et al, 2005). Ozone has also been observed to reduce nodulation in a range of legume species including soybean (Tingey & Blum, 1973;Reinert & Weber, 1980;Zhao et al, 2012), although this effect is largely thought to be a secondary response as a result of reduced total carbon assimilation and the diversion of assimilates away from the roots (Hewitt et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Has the sensitivity of soybean cultivars to ozone pollution increased with time? An analysis of published dose–response data

Osborne

Mills

Hayes

et al. 2016

Global Change Biology

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The rising trend in concentrations of ground-level ozone (O 3 ) -a common air pollutant and phytotoxin -currently being experienced in some world regions represents a threat to agricultural yield. Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is an O 3 -sensitive crop species and is experiencing increasing global demand as a dietary protein source and constituent of livestock feed. In this study, we collate O 3 exposure-yield data for 49 soybean cultivars, from 28 experimental studies published between 1982 and 2014, to produce an updated dose-response function for soybean. Different cultivars were seen to vary considerably in their sensitivity to O 3 , with estimated yield loss due to O 3 ranging from 13.3% for the least sensitive cultivar to 37.9% for the most sensitive, at a 7-h mean O 3 concentration (M7) of 55 ppb -a level frequently observed in regions of the USA, India and China in recent years. The year of cultivar release, country of data collection and type of O 3 exposure used were all important explanatory variables in a multivariate regression model describing soybean yield response to O 3 . The data show that the O 3 sensitivity of soybean cultivars increased by an average of 32.5% between 1960 and 2000, suggesting that selective breeding strategies targeting high yield and high stomatal conductance may have inadvertently selected for greater O 3 sensitivity over time. Higher sensitivity was observed in data from India and China compared to the USA, although it is difficult to determine whether this effect is the result of differential cultivar physiology, or related to local environmental factors such as co-occurring pollutants. Gaining further understanding of the underlying mechanisms that govern the sensitivity of soybean cultivars to O 3 will be important in shaping future strategies for breeding O 3 -tolerant cultivars.

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“…Cowpea is a staple legume crop in semi-arid regions of the tropics and subtropics, where meteorological conditions promote the co-occurrence of drought and ozone stresses. While the impact of water stress on cowpea has been extensively studied [21,29,30,31], the response of this crop to ozone is less documented [32]. In recent studies, the responses of cowpea to ozone have been investigated in Asian and African cultivars with respect to biomass production, yield, photosynthesis, nitrogen fixation and ROS detoxification [33,34,35,36,37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Effects of Ozone and Drought on the Physiology and Membrane Lipids of Two Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) Cultivars

Rebouças

Sousa

Bagard

et al. 2017

Plants

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The interactive effects of drought and ozone on the physiology and leaf membrane lipid content, composition and metabolism of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) were investigated in two cultivars (EPACE-1 and IT83-D) grown under controlled conditions. The drought treatment (three-week water deprivation) did not cause leaf injury but restricted growth through stomatal closure. In contrast, the short-term ozone treatment (130 ppb 12 h daily during 14 day) had a limited impact at the whole-plant level but caused leaf injury, hydrogen peroxide accumulation and galactolipid degradation. These effects were stronger in the IT83-D cultivar, which also showed specific ozone responses such as a higher digalactosyl-diacylglycerol (DGDG):monogalactosyl-diacylglycerol (MGDG) ratio and the coordinated up-regulation of DGDG synthase (VuDGD2) and ω-3 fatty acid desaturase 8 (VuFAD8) genes, suggesting that membrane remodeling occurred under ozone stress in the sensitive cultivar. When stresses were combined, ozone did not modify the stomatal response to drought and the observed effects on whole-plant physiology were essentially the same as when drought was applied alone. Conversely, the drought-induced stomatal closure appeared to alleviate ozone effects through the reduction of ozone uptake.

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N-fixation in legumes – An assessment of the potential threat posed by ozone pollution

Abstract: reduce N-fixation and/or impact nodulation, in a range of globally-important legumes.14 However, an increasing global burden of CO2, the use of artificial fertiliser, and reactive N-15 pollution may partially mitigate impacts of ozone on N-fixation.

Cited by 24 publications

References 81 publications

Elevated ozone concentration decreases whole‐plant hydraulic conductance and disturbs water use regulation in soybean plants

Elevated ozone concentration decreases whole‐plant hydraulic conductance and disturbs water use regulation in soybean plants

Has the sensitivity of soybean cultivars to ozone pollution increased with time? An analysis of published dose–response data

Combined Effects of Ozone and Drought on the Physiology and Membrane Lipids of Two Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) Cultivars

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