Organoselenium compounds have great application value in the fields of medicine, pesticide, synthesis and materials, and play a particularly prominent role in anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory. Therefore, the synthesis of organoselenium compounds is particularly important in organic synthesis. The traditional methods of synthesizing organoselenium compounds were using selenol or selenium ether react with alkylation or arylation reagents. Various direct alkyl-and aryl-selenylation reagents were also developed in recent years. Moreover, there are few studies on fluoroalkylselenylation. Thus, it is still highly desirable to develop new methods for alkyl-, aryl-and fluoro-alkylselenylation as well as new types of corresponding selenylation reagents. The recent development of alkyl-, aryl-and fluoro-alkylselenylation is summarized, and part of their mechanisms are also discussed.