N-Terminal Prosomatostatin and Risk of Vascular Dementia

Abstract

Background: Increased somatostatin plasma concentration has been found in patients with vascular dementia. However, it is unknown whether or not somatostatin levels may predict dementia development in the general population. To this end, we sought to assess the association of circulating N-terminal prosomatostatin (NT-proSST) with incident dementia among community-dwelling older adults. Methods: In the prospective population-based Malmö Preventive Project, 5,347 study participants (mean age: 69 ± 6years; 70% men) provided plasma for the determination of NT-proSST concentration. Of these, 373 participants (7%) were diagnosed with dementia (120 Alzheimer's disease, 83 vascular, 102 mixed, and 68 other aetiology) during a follow-up period of 4.6 ± 1.3 years. The association of NT-proSST with the risk of dementia and its subtypes was studied using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models controlling for age, gender, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive treatment, smoking, diabetes, lipid levels and prevalent stroke. Results: Higher levels of NT-proSST were significantly associated with an increased risk of vascular dementia (hazard ratio [HR] per 1 SD: 1.29; 95% CI 1.05-1.59; p = 0.016), whereas no association was observed with Alzheimer's disease (HR per 1 SD: 0.99; 95% CI 0.81-1.20; p = 0.91), all-cause dementia (HR per 1 SD: 1.04; 95% CI 0.94-1.16; p = 0.44), and mixed dementia (HR per 1 SD: 0.98; 95% CI 0.79-1.21; p = 0.84). Levels of NT-proSST above 563 pmol/L (highest quartile) conferred distinctly increased risk of vascular dementia (HR 1.66; 95% CI 1.05-2.63; p = 0.029) compared with lower values. Conclusions: Higher levels of circulating N-terminal-prosomatostatin are associated with increased incidence of vascular dementia. Our findings might be of importance for the understanding of dementia development in older adults.

Somatostatin and Neuropeptide Y in Cerebrospinal Fluid: Correlations With Amyloid Peptides Aβ1–42 and Tau Proteins in Elderly Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment

“…In the case of SOM, fasting plasma concentration of N-Terminal proSOM, a surrogate marker of SOM —given the very short half-life of the bioactive peptide— independently predicts development of coronary artery disease and both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the 5,389 fasting participants of the population-based study Malmö Preventive Project (Hedback et al, 2016 ) and in the 8,134 participants from the Prevention of Renal and Vascular End-stage Disease (PREVEND) study in Groningen (Abbasi et al, 2017 ). Moreover, higher levels of circulating N-terminal-prosomatostatin are associated with increased incidence of vascular dementia in the prospective population-based Malmö Preventive Project (Holm et al, 2017 ). The association between high CSF SOM concentrations and low plasma cholesterol levels in MCI subjects may be associated with weight loss and lower cholesterol level as observed in the early stages of AD (Duron and Hanon, 2008 ).…”

Vasoactive Biomarkers Associated With Long-Term Incidence of Symptomatic Peripheral Arterial Disease and Mortality

“…The native analyte stability was tested in EDTA plasma from 10 different individuals at 22 °C and 37 °C. 13…”

“…The interlaboratory coefficient of variation was 20% at 18 pmol/L, 10% at 50 pmol/L, and <6% for above 100 pmol/L. The native analyte stability was tested in EDTA plasma from 10 different individuals at 22 C and 37 C. 13…”

High circulating levels of midregional proenkephalin A predict vascular dementia: a population-based prospective study

“…Between 2002 and 2006, a total of 18 240 original participants responded to the invitation (participation rate, 70.5%) and were screened including a comprehensive physical examination and collection of blood samples. A through description of the project protocol has been published earlier 12,13 . In the current study, the re-examination in MPP is considered as the baseline (Fig.…”

“…Validation of dementia diagnoses was done by systematic review of medical records as well as neuroimaging. Information about dementia diagnoses retrieved from the Swedish National Patient Register (SNPR) and used in MPP has been described previously 13 . In SNPR, 471 individuals had a registered dementia diagnose and of these, 54 individuals were diagnosed before the baseline examination and was thereby excluded.…”