N2O hydrate formation in porous media: A potential method to mitigate N2O emissions

Zhao, Jiafei; Guo, Xianwei; Sun, Mingrui; Zhao, Yuechao; Yang, Lei; Song, Yongchen

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2018.12.051

Cited by 59 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…4 However, the occurrence of gas hydrates in oil and gas pipelines will bring a risk of hydrate blockages, which leads to gas hydrates as a significant concern in the oil and gas industry. 5 Gas hydrates have shown a great capability to store gas molecules, and this property may turn hydrate into a promising medium for gas storage and transportation, 6−8 gas separation, 9,10 and CO 2 sequestration. 11−14 Over the past decades, hydrate research has focused largely on crystal structures 15,16 and thermodynamics, 17,18 with the kinetics of hydrate formation being much more challenging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Kinetics and Gas Diffusion in Formation of Gas Hydrates from Ice

et al. 2020

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Clathrate hydrates are ubiquitous in deep-sea sediments and the permafrost on earth, as well as abundant in interstellar environments. Despite many potential applications of gas hydrates for gas storage/transportation, carbon sequestration, and water treatment, the fundamental mechanism for gas hydrate nucleation and growth are still poorly understood due to the difficulty in spatial and temporal measurements that can probe specific structural properties. Here, high resolution measurements for xenon hydrate formation from ice spheres by X-ray computed tomography are reported. For the first time, the nucleation and growth of hydrates can be accurately and directly quantified from microscale measurements, resulting in new estimates for the intrinsic reaction rate constant of xenon hydrate formation, and the effective diffusion coefficient of xenon in the hydrate. The measured activation energy of hydrate formation is 71.11 kJ/mol and the diffusivity of xenon in hydrate ranges from 2.8 × 10–15 to 4.3 × 10–14 m2/s. These results are of fundamental value in developing a comprehensive understanding on the mechanism of gas hydrate formation, which is essential in their application for energy solutions and increasingly important in astrophysical science.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Kinetics and Gas Diffusion in Formation of Gas Hydrates from Ice

et al. 2020

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“…CO 2 -CH 4 replacement is stable and promising, and it has received considerable attention in petroleum engineering and geology. [88] CO 2 , CH 4 , and their mixtures form I hydrates, which include two pentagonal dodecahedra (5 12 ) and six tetrakaidecahedra (5 12 6 2 ) consisting of 12 pentagonal and two hexagonal faces. [34] A comparison of the equilibrium conditions of the CH 4 and CO 2 hydrates in Figure 8 reveals that CO 2 hydrates are more stable than CH 4 hydrates.…”

Section: Co 2 Storage By Co 2 -Ch 4 Replacementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Studies on Gas Hydrate‐Based CO₂ Storage: State‐of‐the‐Art and Future Research Directions

et al. 2021

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Fossil fuels have been used as the main source of energy in society; therefore, the atmospheric CO 2 concentration has increased by approximately 30% since the Industrial Revolution. [1] It is believed that CO 2 emissions play a major role in global warming, which may cause irreversible climate changes and hazards to humans. [2][3][4] Although renewable energy is the world's fastest growing energy, fossil fuels will most likely remain the world's main source of energy until 2050. [5] Therefore, there is an urgent need to reduce global carbon dioxide emissions in the long term. [6] CO 2 capture and storage is considered to be an effective method of reducing the CO 2 concentration in the atmosphere, and many techniques have been proposed in this regard. [7,8] CO 2 storage via mineral carbonation, geological storage, and ocean storage have been studied and implemented in some industrial fields. [9][10][11][12][13][14] Mineral carbonation is used to transfer CO 2 to solid inorganic carbonates through chemical reactions. However, owing to the high energy penalty, environmental impact, and availability of rocks for mineral carbonation, mineral carbonation is excluded for large-scale implementation. [10,11] Ocean storage refers to the injection of CO 2 into the bottom of the ocean to dissolve it, [15] and this method may result in unpredictable environmental issues. For instance, if a large amount of CO 2 is injected into the ocean, it will reduce the seawater pH and adversely impact the marine ecosystem. This will result in an unmeasurable influence on the ocean environment and life, as well as a high cost and major technical skill requirements to address this issue. [16] Therefore, CO 2 storage via CO 2 dissolution into the ocean is not a suitable method and is forbidden by the terms specified in international agreements such as the "OSPAR Convention" [12,13,16,17] and "London Convention." [18] CO 2 storage in deep geological sites has been demonstrated to be economically feasible under specific conditions, which has been developed by the oil and gas industries. [19,20] Oil and gas reservoirs, deep saline formations, and unminable coal beds are suitable reservoir types for CO 2 storage. [12] These reservoirs can be found in sedimentary basins that can confine CO 2 and impede their lateral migration or vertical leakage. Generally, CO 2 in oil and gas reservoirs or deep saline formations is stored in the form of a liquid or supercritical fluid [21] because its density ranges from 50% to 80% of water density and is close to that of

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“…Hydrate has also been widely used in various industry-related techniques, involving storage and transportation of natural gas, sea water desalination, cold energy storage, gas separation etc. [16][17][18][19][20]. The upscale and commercial application of these techniques suffer from the sluggish formation process, insufficient transformation and limited capacity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metastable state of gas hydrate during decomposition: A novel phenomenon

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Fan

Yang

et al. 2020

Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering

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Natural gas hydrates are solid compounds with cage-like structures formed by gas and water. An intriguing phenomenon that gas hydrates can dissociate at a low rate below the ice freezing point has been viewed as the metastability of hydrate. The mechanisms of hydrate metastability have been widely studied, and many mechanisms were proposed involving the self-preservation effect, supercooled water-gas-hydrate metastable equilibrium, and supersaturated liquid-gas-hydrate system etc. The metastable state of hydrate could be of crucial significance in the kinetics of hydrate formation and decomposition, heat and mass transfer during gas production processes, and the application of hydrate-based technique involving desalination, energy storage and transportation, and gas separation and sequestration. Few researches have systematically considered this phenomenon, and its mechanism remains unclear. In this work, various mechanisms and hypothesis explaining the metastable state of gas hydrates were introduced and discussed. Further studies are still required to reveal the intrinsic nature of this metastable state of gas hydrate, and this work could give some implications on the existing theory and current status of relevant efforts.

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N2O hydrate formation in porous media: A potential method to mitigate N2O emissions

Cited by 59 publications

References 37 publications

Growth Kinetics and Gas Diffusion in Formation of Gas Hydrates from Ice

Growth Kinetics and Gas Diffusion in Formation of Gas Hydrates from Ice

Experimental Studies on Gas Hydrate‐Based CO₂ Storage: State‐of‐the‐Art and Future Research Directions

Metastable state of gas hydrate during decomposition: A novel phenomenon

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N2O hydrate formation in porous media: A potential method to mitigate N2O emissions

Cited by 59 publications

References 37 publications

Growth Kinetics and Gas Diffusion in Formation of Gas Hydrates from Ice

Growth Kinetics and Gas Diffusion in Formation of Gas Hydrates from Ice

Experimental Studies on Gas Hydrate‐Based CO2 Storage: State‐of‐the‐Art and Future Research Directions

Metastable state of gas hydrate during decomposition: A novel phenomenon

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Experimental Studies on Gas Hydrate‐Based CO₂ Storage: State‐of‐the‐Art and Future Research Directions