Na2S2O4 initiated free radical additions of polyfluoroalkyl halides to 4-pentenamides

Silver-Catalyzed Radical Aminofluorination of Unactivated Alkenes in Aqueous Media

“…7, 169.3, 148.7, 134.6, 125.6, 122.4, (m, 5H), 2.67-2.77 (m, 1H), 2.50-2.58 (m, 4H), 2.31-2.41 (m, 1H), 2.12-2.18 (m, 1H), 1.36 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H); 13 C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ 174. 6,165.9,141.4,130.7,127.6,122.6,82.3 (d,J = 174.2 Hz),61.0,58.9 (d,J = 20.4 Hz),31.3,20.6 (d,J = 4.3 Hz),14.3;19 8,167.3,142.2,130.6,127.3,122.3,83.4 (d,J = 169.1 Hz) δ 174. 7,141.5,133.2,122.9,118.5,108.8,82.4 (d,J = 174.3 Hz) (m, 1H); 13 C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ 174.…”

“…2,134.4,132.6,131.1,130.5,129.6,127.9,82.5 (d,J = 174.3 Hz) 2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (d,J = 8.8 Hz,1H),3H),1H), (m, 1H), 2.28-2.41 (m, 7H), 2.12-2.21 (m, 1H); 13 C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ 174. 6,168.1,168.0,142.4,139.9,135.4,123.8,121.6,119.0,82.2 (d,J = 174.2 Hz),59.4 (d,J = 20.4 Hz),31.1,20.6 (d,J = 7.3 Hz); 19 F NMR (282 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ -233.5 (m, 1F); IR (KBr): ν (cm -1 ) 3061, 2961, 1770, 1694, 1682, 1614, 1514, 1372, 1104, 1058, 903, Hz, 1H), 7.24 (d,J = 8.4 Hz,1H),3H),2H),1H),1H); 13 C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ 175. 2,134.9,135.5,133.1,131.9,130.4,128.3,82.5 (d,J = 174.2 Hz),59.4 (d,J = 19.7 Hz) (m, 4H), 2.13-2.22 (m, 1H); 13 C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ 174.…”

Sodium Dithionite Initiated Addition‐lactonization of 2‐Acyl‐ amino‐4‐pentenoic Acids with Fluoroalkyl Iodides to Synthesize 4‐Fluoroalkyl‐2‐acylamino‐4‐butyrolactones

“…2-Amino-4-pentenoic acid containing various substituents at the amino group proved to be excellent substrates, giving 3 in 55%-83% yields with up to 1∶1.8 trans/cis. In our previous study to the sodium dithionite-initiated reaction of 4-pentenoic acid derivatives with fluoroalkyl iodides, the reactions were difficult to occur thoroughly, often accompanying with some byproducts such as adduct or addition-reduction product, [13][14][15][16][17] however, luckily, we found that the addition-lactonization of 2-amino-4-pentenoic acids went thoroughly with lactones 3 in high yields in these reactions. It might be reasoned that the good water-solubility of compound 1 led to a rapid and thorough homogeneous addition-lactionization reaction.…”

“…[13][14][15][16][17] On the basis of these results, we envisioned that the introduction of amino group to 2-position of 4-pentenoic acid would lead to the formation of 4-fluoroalkyl-2-amino-4-butyrolactone via the tandem addition-lactonization process. If we can control the selectivity of this reaction, it may be possible for us to develop a more efficient process than Brace's method for the synthesis of 4-fluoroalkyl-2-amino-4-butyrolactone.…”

Nitrate removal from water using UV-M/S2O4 2− advanced reduction process

“…•-) (Hodgson et al 1956;Rinker et al 1959;Wasmuth et al 1964;Yang et al 2007). Dithionite ions absorb ultraviolet light at 315 nm which indicates that UV irradiation can provide enough energy to promote formation of SO 2…”