Nachweis und erste Charakterisierung von Bakteriophagen obligat methanassimilierender Bakterien

Zussinmenfassung Aus Fermentationen mit Bacillus subtilis, die ziim Zwecke der Synthese extrazelluliirer Enzyme angesetzt wurden, konnten verschiedentlich Bakteriophagen isoliert wcrden. Die auf Grund der Wirtsbereiche differierenden Einzelplaqueisolate wurden elektronenmikroskopisch untersucht. Die Partikel waren sehr verschieden in der GrMe und in der morphologischen Struktur. Sie gehorten dnmit verschiedenen Gnippen von Bacillus-Phagen m, die durch die Standardphagen SPO1, 029 und PBSl reprasentiert werden. AuOerdem wurde ein Phage mit einem oktaedrischen Kopf gefunden. Aus einem enzymbildenden Bacillus-Stnmm konnten nnch Infektion mit dem PBS1-ghnlichen Phagen PZ-F Ghosts mit oktaedrischen Kopfen sowie nach Induktion mit Mitomycin C komplette und defektive Phagen freigesetzt werden.

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Zur Struktur von Bakteriophagen aus enzymproduzierenden Bacillus‐Kulturen

Grunow

Schönherr

Taubeneck³

et al. 1981

Acta Biotechnologica

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Inhibierung der Entwicklung von Bakteriophagen in Fermentationsprozessen durch Zusatz von Kohlenwasserstoffen

Wünsche¹,

Kiesel²

1981

Acta Biotechnologica

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The propagation of the virulent phage M 1 of the obligate methylotrophic bacteria strain GB 4 is inhibited by n‐alkanes. The addition of hydrocarbons (7.5–22.5%) to a suspension of free phages or to a phage‐host‐mixture prevents the propagation of the phages, but does not influence the growth rate of the host bacteria. In a laboratory fermentor a simulated strong infection (multiplicity = 0.1) of the strain GB 4 with its phage M 1 could be suppressed by the application of 20% of a technical hydrocarbon mixture (Parex I).The inhibitory effect of the hydrocarbons can be traced back to inspecific hydrocarbon‐protein‐interactions at the surface of the phage and the host cells and therewith to an influencing of the adsorption.

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Importance of bacteriophages in fermentation processes

Wünsche

1989

Acta Biotechnologica

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Any bacterial strain can be infected by virulent phages or harbour one or more prophages. Therefore, bacteria-phage interactions are to be regarded as fundamental properties of bacteria. In current industrial fermentation processes phages can be advantageously employed for the identification of bacterial production strains (phage typing). In some cases phages are involved in the production of enzymes and special substances. The fundamental importance of phages in any technical fermentation process, however, is based on the peculiarities of their obligately parasitic life cycle. The propagation of phages in fermentation processes can cause complete (or a t least partial) lysis of the production strains and, consequently, serious disturbances in the production process and considerable economic losses. The phage problem in the fermentation industry has not yet been completely solved. For the protection of technical processes against virulent phages five measures are discussed: phage-protected sterile fermentation, employment. of alternative cultures, employment of phage-resistant mutants. employment of phage inhibitors, and employment of immobilized bacterial cells. The problem of the protection of bacterial production strains from prophage induction is more difficult and practically unsolved. Two possibilities to minimize the process risk due to temperate phages, the elimination of inducing factors during the fermentation process, and the selection of production strains which are difficult to induce, are discussed.

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Nachweis und erste Charakterisierung von Bakteriophagen obligat methanassimilierender Bakterien

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

Zur Struktur von Bakteriophagen aus enzymproduzierenden Bacillus‐Kulturen

Zur Struktur von Bakteriophagen aus enzymproduzierenden Bacillus‐Kulturen

Inhibierung der Entwicklung von Bakteriophagen in Fermentationsprozessen durch Zusatz von Kohlenwasserstoffen

Importance of bacteriophages in fermentation processes

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