Nachweis von Actinobacillus equuli ssp. equuli bei Saugferkeln mit eitriger Polyarthritis und Tendovaginitis

Maul, Christiane; Suchowski, Marcel; Klose, Kristin; Antov, Vladislav; Pfeffer, Martin; Schwarz, Bernd-Andreas

doi:10.1055/a-1067-3908

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…While focussing on equine clinical strains, also novel phenotypic and genetic data on acquired resistance in A. equuli were obtained. In general, identification of A. equuli is considered difficult due to its close relationship to A. suis [ 32 , 56 ]. The use of the 16S rRNA gene was compared to a new MLST and whole genome SNP, showing that 16S rRNA gene sequencing was indeed least reliable in differentiating Actinobacillus species, while whole genome SNP analysis performed best.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of the 16S rRNA gene was compared to a new MLST and whole genome SNP, showing that 16S rRNA gene sequencing was indeed least reliable in differentiating Actinobacillus species, while whole genome SNP analysis performed best. The use of 16S rRNA gene sequencing was also shown to not provide sufficient resolution and lack of specificity in previous research on Bacillus and Actinobacillus species [ 56 , 57 ]. Interestingly, the Actinobacillus genomospecies 1 clade could be properly distinguished from other Actinobacillus species using the 16S rRNA gene only.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Whole genome sequencing to study antimicrobial resistance and RTX virulence genes in equine Actinobacillus isolates

Vereecke

Vandekerckhove

Theuns³

et al. 2023

Vet Res

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Actinobacillus equuli is mostly associated with disease in horses and is most widely known as the causative agent of sleepy foal disease. Even though existing phenotypic tools such as biochemical tests, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) can be used to identify members of the Actinobacillus genus, these methods struggle to differentiate between certain species and do not allow strain, virulence, and antimicrobial susceptibility typing. Hence, we performed in-depth analysis of 24 equine Actinobacillus isolates using phenotypic identification and susceptibility testing on the one hand, and long-read nanopore whole genome sequencing on the other hand. This allowed to address strain divergence down to the whole genome single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) level. While lowest resolution was observed for 16S rRNA gene classification, a new multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) scheme allowed proper classification up to the species level. Nevertheless, a SNP-level analysis was required to distinguish A. equuli subspecies equuli and haemolyticus. Our data provided first WGS data on Actinobacillus genomospecies 1, Actinobacillus genomospecies 2, and A. arthritidis, which allowed the identification of a new Actinobacillus genomospecies 1 field isolate. Also, in-depth characterization of RTX virulence genes provided information on the distribution, completeness, and potential complementary nature of the RTX gene operons within the Actinobacillus genus. Even though overall low prevalence of acquired resistance was observed, two plasmids were identified conferring resistance to penicillin-ampicillin-amoxicillin and chloramphenicol in one A. equuli strain. In conclusion our data delivered new insights in the use of long-read WGS in high resolution identification, virulence gene typing, and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of equine Actinobacillus species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole genome sequencing to study antimicrobial resistance and RTX virulence genes in equine Actinobacillus isolates

Vereecke

Vandekerckhove

Theuns³

et al. 2023

Vet Res

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Effects of Gasterophilus pecorum infestation on the intestinal microbiota of the rewilded Przewalski’s horses in China

Chao

Zhang

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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Horse botflies have been a threat to the Przewalski’s horses in the Kalamaili Nature Reserve in Xinjiang of China since their reintroduction to the original range. As larvae of these parasites could infest the intestine of a horse for months, they could interact with and alter the structure and composition of its intestinal microbiota, affecting adversely its health. Nonetheless, there are no such studies on the rewilded Przewalski’s horses yet. For the first time, this study characterizes the composition of the intestinal microbiota of 7 rewilded Przewalski’s horses infected severely by Gasterophilus pecorum following and prior to their anthelmintic treatment. Bioinformatics analyses of the sequence data obtained by amplicon high throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes showed that G. pecorum infestation significantly increased the richness of the intestinal microbial community but not its diversity. Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were found the dominant phyla as in other animals, and the parasitic infestation decreased the F/B ratio largely by over 50%. Large reduction in relative abundances of the two genera Streptococcus and Lactobacillus observed with G. pecorum infestation suggested possible changes in colic and digestion related conditions of the infected horses. Variations on the relative abundance of the genus groups known to be pathogenic or symbiotic showed that adverse impact of the G. pecorum infestation could be associated with reduction of the symbiotic genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium that are probiotics and able to promote immunity against parasitic infection.

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Nachweis von Actinobacillus equuli ssp. equuli bei Saugferkeln mit eitriger Polyarthritis und Tendovaginitis

Cited by 2 publications

References 17 publications

Whole genome sequencing to study antimicrobial resistance and RTX virulence genes in equine Actinobacillus isolates

Whole genome sequencing to study antimicrobial resistance and RTX virulence genes in equine Actinobacillus isolates

Effects of Gasterophilus pecorum infestation on the intestinal microbiota of the rewilded Przewalski’s horses in China

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