2006
DOI: 10.1149/1.2356125
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Nafion®/TiO2 Composite Membranes for PEM Fuel Cells Operating at Elevated Temperature and Reduced Relative Humidity

Abstract: Our approach for elevating the operational temperature of PEM fuel cells above 100 oC is to use inorganic particles inside a composite membrane. Inorganic components tend to enhance water retention at elevated temperatures and can reduce undesirable crossover processes. In this study, we compared the properties of the Nafion®/TiO2 composite membranes fabricated from Nafion® polymers with different ion exchange capacity (IEC) - 0.91 meq/g and 1.08 meq/g. The main objective was to find a balance between … Show more

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Cited by 10 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…Therefore, incorporating TiO 2 into the membrane matrix positively impacts their characteristics, due to its strong interaction with polymer structures. 21 Recently, organic/inorganic membrane composites have been considered for DMFC for increasing the cell performance, such as sulfonated SiO 2 /sulfonated polyether sulfon, 22 sulfonated polysulfone/TiO 2 , 23 sulfonated PAMPS/PSSA-TiO 2 / SPEEK, 24 S-TaS 2 /SPEEK, 25 Herein, TiO 2 /phosphorous-functionalized cellulose acetate (Ph-CA) nanocomposite membranes were successfully fabricated via the solution casting technique. The as-fabricated membranes were characterized using several characterization tools.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Therefore, incorporating TiO 2 into the membrane matrix positively impacts their characteristics, due to its strong interaction with polymer structures. 21 Recently, organic/inorganic membrane composites have been considered for DMFC for increasing the cell performance, such as sulfonated SiO 2 /sulfonated polyether sulfon, 22 sulfonated polysulfone/TiO 2 , 23 sulfonated PAMPS/PSSA-TiO 2 / SPEEK, 24 S-TaS 2 /SPEEK, 25 Herein, TiO 2 /phosphorous-functionalized cellulose acetate (Ph-CA) nanocomposite membranes were successfully fabricated via the solution casting technique. The as-fabricated membranes were characterized using several characterization tools.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Besides, TiO 2 has good compatibility with organic solvents, allowing the formation of homogeneous and stable dispersion without aggregation. Therefore, incorporating TiO 2 into the membrane matrix positively impacts their characteristics, due to its strong interaction with polymer structures . Recently, organic/inorganic membrane composites have been considered for DMFC for increasing the cell performance, such as sulfonated SiO 2 /sulfonated polyether sulfon, sulfonated polysulfone/TiO 2 , sulfonated PAMPS/PSSA-TiO 2 /SPEEK, S-TaS 2 /SPEEK, etc.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The obtained 0.91 mmol/g IEC of Nafion agrees with literature (0.9 mmol/g). 14 Solvent uptake and conductivity.-Membranes were imbibed with 4 M sulfuric acid at room temperature for 1 hour to ensure the pores were full, which are the conditions normally used for deployment in fuel cell BrAS. The membranes were placed into an ESPEC SH-241 humidity chamber.…”
Section: Ion Exchange Capacity (Iec)-the Washed Pvcs Membranesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] Pure TiO 2 is a hygroscopic material that can be easily dispersed in a PEM matrix. [36][37][38][39][40][41] However, TiO 2 has no SO 3 H groups, paid for its low proton conductivity that urges for functionalization. Before inclusion in the PEM matrix, functionalization of the SO 3 H groups onto the surface of TiO 2 should be performed to enrich the proton conductivity, mechanical stability, and thermal stability, along with to reduce the number of resulting aggregates in the homogenous dispersion and hydrophilicity of the composite membrane.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%