NAFLD as the metabolic hallmark of obesity

Rojano, Alba; Sena, Elena; Manzano-Núñez, Ramiro; Pericàs, Juan M.; Ciudin, Andreea

doi:10.1007/s11739-022-03139-x

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…Globally, NAFLD has reached epidemic levels, with pooled prevalence of 14% (Africa), 24% (North America) [13], 24-27% (range 18-40%, Europe) [14], 27% (Asia), 31% (South America), and 32% (Middle East) [13]. NAFLD is more frequent in men than in women (33 vs. 20%), and also affects 10-20% of the pediatric population [15]. Evidence indicates the prevalence of NAFLD is on the rise worldwide together with that of obesity and associated complications [11,16,17].…”

Section: Nafld and The Burden Of Disease: Prevalence Natural History ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But NAFLD is no longer an isolated condition, since NAFLD is associated with morbid obesity in about 90% of the cases [59,60], with obesity and dyslipidemia in over 80% of the cases [61,62], with hypertension in 70% of cases and with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in about 50% of the cases [63][64][65]. Such close associations strongly suggests that NAFLD is a systemic disease [10,11,15,66] increasing with poor lifestyles, and in parallel with the epidemiological raise of overweight, obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome [4,12,[67][68][69][70]. Younossi et al [71] studied the prevalence of NAFLD and NASH in a metanalysis including 80 studies from 20 countries worldwide and 49,419 patients with T2DM.…”

Section: Nafld and Metabolic Dysfunctionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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NAFLD, MAFLD, and beyond: one or several acronyms for better comprehension and patient care

Portincasa

2023

Intern Emerg Med

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The term non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has rapidly become the most common type of chronic liver disease. NAFLD points to excessive hepatic fat storage and no evidence of secondary hepatic fat accumulation in patients with “no or little alcohol consumption”. Both the etiology and pathogenesis of NAFLD are largely unknown, and a definitive therapy is lacking. Since NAFLD is very often and closely associated with metabolic dysfunctions, a consensus process is ongoing to shift the acronym NAFLD to MAFLD, i.e., metabolic-associated fatty liver disease. The change in terminology is likely to improve the classification of affected individuals, the disease awareness, the comprehension of the terminology and pathophysiological aspects involved, and the choice of more personalized therapeutic approaches while avoiding the intrinsic stigmatization due to the term “non-alcoholic”. Even more recently, other sub-classifications have been proposed to concentrate the heterogeneous causes of fatty liver disease under one umbrella. While awaiting additional validation studies in this field, we discuss the main reasons underlying this important shift of paradigm.

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Section: Nafld and The Burden Of Disease: Prevalence Natural History ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nafld and Metabolic Dysfunctionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

NAFLD, MAFLD, and beyond: one or several acronyms for better comprehension and patient care

Portincasa

2023

Intern Emerg Med

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“…Obesity is a risk factor for insulin resistance (IR) that could result in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), associated with abnormal insulin secretion and finally chronic hyperglycemia [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. Moreover, a close relationship between IR and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was demonstrated, with a fivefold higher prevalence of NAFLD in patients with T2DM than in patients without T2DM [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipidized PrRP Analog Exhibits Strong Anti-Obesity and Antidiabetic Properties in Old WKY Rats with Obesity and Glucose Intolerance

et al. 2023

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Prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP) is an anorexigenic neuropeptide that has potential for the treatment of obesity and its complications. Recently, we designed a palmitoylated PrRP31 analog (palm11-PrRP31) that is more stable than the natural peptide and able to act centrally after peripheral administration. This analog acted as an anti-obesity and glucose-lowering agent, attenuating lipogenesis in rats and mice with high-fat (HF) diet-induced obesity. In Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats fed a HF diet for 52 weeks, we explored glucose intolerance, but also prediabetes, liver steatosis and insulin resistance-related changes, as well as neuroinflammation in the brain. A potential beneficial effect of 6 weeks of treatment with palm11-PrRP31 and liraglutide as comparator was investigated. Liver lipid profiles, as well as urinary and plasma metabolomic profiles, were measured by lipidomics and metabolomics, respectively. Old obese WKY rats showed robust glucose intolerance that was attenuated by palm11-PrRP31, but not by liraglutide treatment. On the contrary, liraglutide had a beneficial effect on insulin resistance parameters. Despite obesity and prediabetes, WKY rats did not develop steatosis owing to HF diet feeding, even though liver lipogenesis was enhanced. Plasma triglycerides and cholesterol were not increased by HFD feeding, which points to unincreased lipid transport from the liver. The liver lipid profile was significantly altered by a HF diet that remained unaffected by palm11-PrRP31 or liraglutide treatment. The HF-diet-fed WKY rats revealed astrogliosis in the brain cortex and hippocampus, which was attenuated by treatment. In conclusion, this study suggested multiple beneficial anti-obesity-related effects of palm11-PrRP31 and liraglutide in both the periphery and brain.

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“…As a metabolic organ, the liver functions in maintaining overall physiological balance. However, NAFLD could disrupt liver function, resulting in symptoms such as oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, lipid metabolism disorders and dyslipidemia (1) . Epidemiological analysis revealed NAFLD affected approximately 25 % of the global population, with the incidence of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis projected to increase by 56 % by the year 2030 (2) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventive effects of caffeine on nicotine plus high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis and gain weight: a possible explanation for why obese smokers with high coffee consumption tend to be leaner

Lu,

Mei,

et al. 2023

Br J Nutr

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent liver disorder, affecting approximately 25% of the population. Coffee-drinking obese smokers exhibit lower body weights and decreased NAFLD rates, but the reasons behind this remain unclear. Additionally, the effect of nicotine, the main component of tobacco, on the development of NAFLD is still controversial. Our study aimed to explore the possible reasons that drinking coffee could alleviate NAFLD and gain weight, and identify the real role of nicotine in NAFLD of obese smokers. A NAFLD model in mice was induced by administering nicotine and a high-fat diet (HFD). We recorded changes in body weight and daily food intake, measured the weights of the liver and visceral fat, and observed liver and adipose tissue histopathology. Lipid levels, liver function, liver malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), serum inflammatory cytokine levels, and the expression of hepatic genes involved in lipid metabolism were determined. Our results demonstrated that nicotine exacerbated the development of NAFLD, and caffeine had a hepatoprotective effect on NAFLD. The administration of caffeine could ameliorate nicotine-plus-HFD-induced NAFLD by reducing lipid accumulation, regulating hepatic lipid metabolism, alleviating oxidative stress, attenuating inflammatory response, and restoring hepatic functions. These results might explain why obese smokers with high coffee consumption exhibit the lower incidence rate of NAFLD and tend to be leaner. It is essential to emphasize that the detrimental impact of smoking on health is multifaceted. Smoking cessation remains the sole practical and effective strategy for averting the tobacco-related complications and reducing the risk of mortality.

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NAFLD as the metabolic hallmark of obesity

Cited by 11 publications

References 93 publications

NAFLD, MAFLD, and beyond: one or several acronyms for better comprehension and patient care

NAFLD, MAFLD, and beyond: one or several acronyms for better comprehension and patient care

Lipidized PrRP Analog Exhibits Strong Anti-Obesity and Antidiabetic Properties in Old WKY Rats with Obesity and Glucose Intolerance

Preventive effects of caffeine on nicotine plus high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis and gain weight: a possible explanation for why obese smokers with high coffee consumption tend to be leaner

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