Nail Dyschromia

Jeanmougin, M; Civatte, J

doi:10.1111/j.1365-4362.1983.tb02138.x

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…For transformation, the dose of UVA radiation (24 J/ cm 2 ) to which the human keratinocytes were chronically exposed in the present study was chosen to be environmentally relevant. In this regard, 24 J/cm 2 of UVA equates to about 1 h and 12 min in the midday sun during the summer at latitude 481N (Jeanmougin and Civatte, 1987). In our laboratory, to obtain 24 J/cm 2 of UVA irradiation required approximately 1 h and 20 min.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Chronic UVA irradiation of human HaCaT keratinocytes induces malignant transformation associated with acquired apoptotic resistance

Huang

et al. 2006

Oncogene

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Ultraviolet A (UVA, 315-400 nm), constituting about 95% of ultraviolet irradiation in natural sunlight, represents a major environmental challenge to the skin and is clearly associated with human skin cancer. It has proven difficult to show direct actions of UVA as a carcinogen in human cells. Here, we demonstrate that chronic UVA exposures at environmentally relevant doses in vitro can induce malignant transformation of human keratinocytes associated with acquired apoptotic resistance. As evidence of carcinogenic transformation, UVAlong-treated (24 J/cm 2 once/week for 18 weeks) HaCaT (ULTH) cells showed increased secretion of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9), overexpression of keratin 13, altered morphology and anchorage-independent growth. Malignant transformation was established by the production of aggressive squamous cell carcinomas after inoculation of ULTH cells into nude mice (NC r -nu). ULTH cells were resistant to apoptosis induced not only by UVA but also by UVB and arsenite, two other human skin carcinogens. ULTH cells also became resistant to apoptosis induced by etoposide, staurosporine and doxorubicin hydrochloride. Elevated phosphorylation of protein kinase B (PKB, also called AKT) and reduced expression of phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) were detected in ULTH cells. The resistance of ULTH cells to UVA-induced apoptosis was reversed by either inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI-3K) or adenovirus expression of PTEN or dominant negative AKT. These data indicate that UVA has carcinogenic potential in human keratinocytes and that the increased AKT signaling and decreased PTEN expression may contribute to this malignant transformation. Further comparisons between the transformed ULTH and control cells should lead to a better understanding of the mechanism of UVA carcinogenesis and may help identify biomarkers for UVA-induced skin malignancies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Chronic UVA irradiation of human HaCaT keratinocytes induces malignant transformation associated with acquired apoptotic resistance

Huang

et al. 2006

Oncogene

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“…Among the most frequent causes are contact with chemical agents, topical application of therapeutic agents such as silver nitrate or ethacridinlactat, tobacco, and cosmetics such as henna and hair dyes. [14][15][16] Subungual hematoma. Subungual hematoma usually appears as a reddish to reddish-black pigment depending on the age of the bleed.…”

Section: Differential Diagnosis Of Nail Pigmentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and management of nail pigmentations

Braun

Baran

Gal

et al. 2007

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

268

243

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“…[2] Discoloration of the otherwise transparent nail may be due to a large number of factors affecting the nail plate, nail attachments, or the underlying substance. [3] The pigments responsible for nail color alteration may be deposited either exogenously (occupational exposure, henna) or may be a result of over production or storage of some endogenously derived pigments. There are innumerable causes of nail dyschromias, but a fair idea about its anatomical origin and involvement of the concerned part of the nail apparatus can be made by a good history taking and examination of the nail.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nail dyschromias

Mendiratta¹,

Jain²

2011

Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol

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Nail dyschromias have a wide variety of presentation. There are numerous causes of discoloration of the nail affecting the nail plate, nail attachments, or the substance of the nail. The chromonychia may also be caused due to the exogenous deposition of pigments over the nail plate. Careful examination of the nail and few bed side tests may help in identifying the root cause of the nail dyschromia and many a times unravels some underlying systemic disorder too.

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Nail Dyschromia

Cited by 22 publications

References 88 publications

Chronic UVA irradiation of human HaCaT keratinocytes induces malignant transformation associated with acquired apoptotic resistance

Chronic UVA irradiation of human HaCaT keratinocytes induces malignant transformation associated with acquired apoptotic resistance

Diagnosis and management of nail pigmentations

Nail dyschromias

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