Nails are a potential alternative matrix to hair for drug analysis in general unknown screenings by liquid-chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Krumbiegel, Franziska; Hastedt, Martin; Tsokos, Michael

doi:10.1007/s12024-014-9588-x

Cited by 32 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Analysis of nail specimens can provide complementary information to that obtained from analysis of hair specimens [58,59]. Hair and nail analyses extend the temporal profiling of exposure to xenobiotic substances by up to several months.…”

Section: (A) Hair and Nailmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative mass spectrometry of unconventional human biological matrices

Dutkiewicz

Urban

2016

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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Section: (A) Hair and Nailmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative mass spectrometry of unconventional human biological matrices

Dutkiewicz

Urban

2016

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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“…Hair samples of participants (no. 2,7,10,13,14) in which the two intakes were represented by two different hair segments would theoretically have tested positive for MDMA only after one single intake ( Figure 2). …”

Section: Mdma and Mda In Hair Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The highest R/S-MDMA ratio in the proximal (participant no. 1,12,16,4,17,2,11,13,7) or distal (participant no. 6 and 10) segments corresponded to recent or earlier MDMA administration, respectively ( Figure 4).…”

Section: Mdma and Mda In Nail Samples And Comparison To Hairmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nails, another keratinzed matrix, are being discussed as an alternative to hair because nails also accumulate drugs [9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Investigations on paired hair and nail analysis for amphetamines delineated similar [16] or higher concentrations in hair [17], but one group reported slightly higher amphetamine concentrations in fingernails compared to hair [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of drug incorporation into hair segments and nails by enantiomeric analysis following controlled single MDMA intakes

et al. 2015

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Incorporation rates of the enantiomers of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and its metabolite 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) into hair and nails were investigated after controlled administration. Fifteen subjects without MDMA use received two doses of 125 mg of MDMA. Hair, nail scrapings and nail clippings were collected 9-77 days after the last administration (median: 20 days).Hair samples were analyzed in segments of 1-to 2-cm length. After chiral derivatization with N-(2,4-dinitro-5-fluorophenyl)-L-valinamide, MDMA and MDA diastereomers were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.Highest concentrations in hair segments corresponded to the time of MDMA intake.

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“…Recently, a first study investigated the potential use of nails for general unknown screening (GUS) [64]. Using LCquadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF)-MS, 89 different compounds were detected in nail samples from 70 postmortem cases.…”

Section: Nails As a Specimen For Drug Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nail analysis for the detection of drugs of abuse and pharmaceuticals: a review

et al. 2014

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Nails can stably accumulate substances for long periods of time, thus providing retrospective information regarding drugs of abuse and pharmaceutical use. Nails have several advantages over the conventional matrices, such as blood and urine, including a longer detection window (months to years), non-invasive sample collection, and easy storage and transport. These aspects make nails a very interesting matrix for forensic and clinical toxicology. Because of the low concentrations of drugs of abuse and pharmaceuticals present in nails and the complexity of the keratinized matrix, analytical methods need to be more sensitive, and sample preparation is crucial. This review summarizes the literature regarding the detection and quantification of drugs of abuse and pharmaceuticals in nails, as well as the employed pre-analytical and analytical techniques. Additionally, the applications of nail analysis are reviewed. Finally, an overview of the challenges of nail analysis is provided, and guidelines for future research are proposed.

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Nails are a potential alternative matrix to hair for drug analysis in general unknown screenings by liquid-chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Cited by 32 publications

References 27 publications

Quantitative mass spectrometry of unconventional human biological matrices

Quantitative mass spectrometry of unconventional human biological matrices

Evaluation of drug incorporation into hair segments and nails by enantiomeric analysis following controlled single MDMA intakes

Nail analysis for the detection of drugs of abuse and pharmaceuticals: a review

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