Nalbuphine, medetomidine, and azaperone use in free‐ranging American black bears and mountain lions in Wyoming
Brie Hashem,
Peach Van Wick,
Samantha E. Allen
Abstract:Safe and effective chemical immobilization is a necessary component of large carnivore management and research, but laws regulating controlled substances can limit the use of many drugs by non‐veterinary personnel. NalMed‐A (40 mg/mL nalbuphine HCl, 10 mg/mL medetomidine HCl, 10 mg/mL azaperone tartrate) is a non‐controlled drug combination used to immobilize a number of free‐ranging species, but there are limited published reports of its usage by non‐veterinary personnel when immobilizing American black bears… Show more
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