Naming Institutionalized Racism in the Public Health Literature: A Systematic Literature Review

Hardeman, Rachel R.; Murphy, Katy; Karbeah, J’Mag; Kozhimannil, Katy B.

doi:10.1177/0033354918760574

Cited by 179 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

125

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…29 The causes of this disparity are likely multifactorial, with notable contributions from systemic factors partly rooted in structural racism, including limited healthcare resources and poor access to housing, education, and nutrition, all of which have been shown to affect health risk and outcomes. 30,31 As such, the higher rates of excessive drinking behaviors among Alaska Native/American Indian cancer survivors should prompt the establishment of policies and guidelines to improve access to a wide range of resources affecting health outcomes among this population, including housing and education. Oncology providers working in areas with high Alaska Native/American Indian populations should be given appropriate time and resources to engage in culturally sensitive discussions regarding alcohol use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol Use Among Patients With Cancer and Survivors in the United States, 2000–2017

Sanford¹,

Sher²,

et al. 2020

Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Alcohol use is an established risk factor for several malignancies and is associated with adverse oncologic outcomes among individuals diagnosed with cancer. The prevalence and patterns of alcohol use among cancer survivors are poorly described. Methods: We used the National Health Interview Survey from 2000 to 2017 to examine alcohol drinking prevalence and patterns among adults reporting a cancer diagnosis. Multivariable logistic regression was used to define the association between demographic and socioeconomic variables and odds of self-reporting as a current drinker, exceeding moderate drinking limits, and engaging in binge drinking. The association between specific cancer type and odds of drinking were assessed. Results: Among 34,080 survey participants with a known cancer diagnosis, 56.5% self-reported as current drinkers, including 34.9% who exceeded moderate drinking limits and 21.0% who engaged in binge drinking. Younger age, smoking history, and more recent survey period were associated with higher odds of current, exceeding moderate, and binge drinking (P<.001 for all, except P=.008 for excess drinking). Similar associations persisted when the cohort was limited to 20,828 cancer survivors diagnosed ≥5 years before survey administration. Diagnoses of melanoma and cervical, head and neck, and testicular cancers were associated with higher odds of binge drinking (P<.05 for all) compared with other cancer diagnoses. Conclusions: Most cancer survivors self-report as current alcohol drinkers, including a subset who seem to engage in excessive drinking behaviors. Given that alcohol intake has implications for cancer prevention and is a potentially modifiable risk factor for cancer-specific outcomes, the high prevalence of alcohol use among cancer survivors highlights the need for public health strategies aimed at the reduction of alcohol consumption.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol Use Among Patients With Cancer and Survivors in the United States, 2000–2017

Sanford¹,

Sher²,

et al. 2020

Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, as the demographics of trainees have become more diverse, those who are not Caucasian men are lacking role models. Institutionalized racism and sexism (22), defined as policies, societal norms, and ideologies that reinforce inequities, have played a large role in access to, inclusion in, and hiring policies at U.S. universities (23,24). Accordingly, faculty from marginalized groups are eliminated from the applicant pool and subsequent hires, leaving university policies and practices to be predominantly created by Caucasian men.…”

Section: Suggestions For Improving Invited Speaker Diversity To Reflementioning

confidence: 99%

Suggestions for Improving Invited Speaker Diversity To Reflect Trainee Diversity

Hagan

Pollet

Libertucci

2020

J Microbiol Biol Educ.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Within the field of biomedical research in the United States, the proportion of underrepresented minorities at the Full Professor level has remained consistently low, even though trainee demographics are becoming more diverse. Underrepresented groups face a complex set of barriers to achieving faculty status, including imposter syndrome, increased performance expectations, and patterns of exclusion. Institutionalized racism and sexism have contributed to these barriers and perpetuated policy that excludes underrepresented minorities. These barriers can contribute to decreased feelings of belonging, which may result in decreased retention of underrepresented minorities. Though some universities have altered their hiring practices to increase the number of underrepresented minorities in the applicant pool, these changes have not been sufficient. Here we argue that departmental invited seminar series can be used to provide trainees with scientific role models and increase their sense of belonging while institutions work towards more inclusive policy. In this study, we investigated the demographics (gender and race) of invited seminar speakers over 5 years to the Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the University of Michigan. We also investigated current trainee demographics and compared them to invited speaker demographics to gauge if our trainees were being provided with representation of themselves. We found that invited speaker demographics were skewed towards Caucasian men, and our trainee demographics were not being represented. From these findings, we proposed policy change within the department to address how speakers are being invited with the goal of increasing speaker diversity to better reflect trainee diversity. To facilitate this process, we developed a set of suggestions and a web-based resource that allows scientists, committees, and moderators to identify members of underserved groups. These resources can be easily adapted by other fields or subfields to promote inclusion and diversity at seminar series, conferences, and colloquia.

show abstract

“…The Expanded Group comprised four White male physicians and/or researchers and one White female researcher, all medical school faculty. 1,3,4 cerns are once again marginalized. 9 These actions also reproduce dominant power relations.…”

Section: Expanded Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2 To fight racism and its inextricable link to health, health care professionals must recognize, name, understand and talk about racism competently. 1,3,4 Unfortunately, most Americans have very little experience discussing racism. 5 These conversations can be difficult to have.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing a Medical School Curriculum on Racism: Multidisciplinary, Multiracial Conversations Informed by Public Health Critical Race Praxis (PHCRP )

Burgess¹,

Murphy

Satin

et al. 2018

Ethn Dis

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Naming Institutionalized Racism in the Public Health Literature: A Systematic Literature Review

Cited by 179 publications

References 41 publications

Alcohol Use Among Patients With Cancer and Survivors in the United States, 2000–2017

Alcohol Use Among Patients With Cancer and Survivors in the United States, 2000–2017

Suggestions for Improving Invited Speaker Diversity To Reflect Trainee Diversity

Developing a Medical School Curriculum on Racism: Multidisciplinary, Multiracial Conversations Informed by Public Health Critical Race Praxis (PHCRP )

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About