Nano-bio compatibility of PEGylated reduced graphene oxide on mesenchymal stem cells

Syama, S.; Aby, C P; Maekawa, Toru; Sakthikumar, D.; Mohanan, P.V.

doi:10.1088/2053-1583/aa65c2

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Besides GO, the effect of PEGfunctionalized rGO (PrGO) was also evaluated on MSCs. 54 PrGO was neither toxic nor impaired the differentiation potential of MSCs, which confirmed the prospect of PEGylated graphene derivatives in tissue engineering.…”

Section: Interaction With Stem Cellssupporting

confidence: 57%

<p>Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Functionalized Graphene Oxide in Tissue Engineering: A Review on Recent Advances</p>

Ghosh¹,

Chatterjee²

2020

IJN

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Owing to the unique physical, chemical, mechanical and electrical properties, graphene and its derivatives have been extensively researched for diverse biomedical applications including in tissue engineering since the past decade. Tunable chemical functionalities of graphene oxide (GO), a graphene derivative, allow easy surface functionalization. Functionalization of GO with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) (PEG-GO) has received significant attention as it offers superior solubility, stability, and biocompatibility. Besides being an attractive candidate for drug delivery, PEG-GO can aid in the attachment, proliferation, and differentiation of stem cells, thereby augmenting tissue engineering. PEG-GO has shown excellent antibacterial efficacy, which could be an added advantage to minimize implantassociated infections. This review describes the synthesis techniques, properties, and biological potential of PEG-GO towards mammalian and bacterial cells. Studies wherein these nanomaterials have been explored for engineering various tissues are reviewed along with future opportunities in this field.

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Section: Interaction With Stem Cellssupporting

confidence: 57%

<p>Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Functionalized Graphene Oxide in Tissue Engineering: A Review on Recent Advances</p>

Ghosh¹,

Chatterjee²

2020

IJN

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“…Such adsorbed protein layer is usually termed as the protein corona. In a recent work carried out by Syama et al [ 120 ], rGO-PEG (PrGO) was found to have no toxicity in mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and it did not appear to impair their differentiation. PrGO was prepared by reducing GO-PEG with sodium borohydride.…”

Section: Cell Viability and Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Biocompatibility, and Cytotoxicity

Liao

Tjong

2018

IJMS

373

272

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Graphene, graphene oxide, and reduced graphene oxide have been widely considered as promising candidates for industrial and biomedical applications due to their exceptionally high mechanical stiffness and strength, excellent electrical conductivity, high optical transparency, and good biocompatibility. In this article, we reviewed several techniques that are available for the synthesis of graphene-based nanomaterials, and discussed the biocompatibility and toxicity of such nanomaterials upon exposure to mammalian cells under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Various synthesis strategies have been developed for their fabrication, generating graphene nanomaterials with different chemical and physical properties. As such, their interactions with cells and organs are altered accordingly. Conflicting results relating biocompatibility and cytotoxicity induced by graphene nanomaterials have been reported in the literature. In particular, graphene nanomaterials that are used for in vitro cell culture and in vivo animal models may contain toxic chemical residuals, thereby interfering graphene-cell interactions and complicating interpretation of experimental results. Synthesized techniques, such as liquid phase exfoliation and wet chemical oxidation, often required toxic organic solvents, surfactants, strong acids, and oxidants for exfoliating graphite flakes. Those organic molecules and inorganic impurities that are retained in final graphene products can interact with biological cells and tissues, inducing toxicity or causing cell death eventually. The residual contaminants can cause a higher risk of graphene-induced toxicity in biological cells. This adverse effect may be partly responsible for the discrepancies between various studies in the literature.

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“…Another GO derivative, reduced graphene oxide (rGO), with partial or total oxygen depletion, has a more restored π-conjugated structure [ 11 ], rendering this nanomaterial amenable for optical biosensor development [ 12 , 13 , 14 ]. For prospective biosensors capable of direct cell measurement, rGO functionalization using polythiophene- g -poly (ethylene glycol) with lateral amino groups (PEG-NH 2 ) has been shown to not impair the osteogenic differentiation potential of murine mesenchymal multipotent cells [ 15 ]. Functionalizing rGO with PEG-NH 2 helped improve the solubility and stability of rGO suspensions in more complex medium solutions such as those used to support cell growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Graphene-Based Biosensor for Nucleic Acid Detection; Influence of Graphene Functionalization and Ionic Strength

Becheru

Vlăsceanu

Banciu

et al. 2018

IJMS

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A main challenge for optical graphene-based biosensors detecting nucleic acid is the selection of key parameters e.g. graphenic chemical structure, nanomaterial dispersion, ionic strength, and appropriate molecular interaction mechanisms. Herein we study interactions between a fluorescein-labelled DNA (FAM-DNA) probe and target single-stranded complementary DNA (cDNA) on three graphenic species, aiming to determine the most suitable platform for nucleic acid detection. Graphene oxide (GO), carboxyl graphene (GO-COOH) and reduced graphene oxide functionalized with PEGylated amino groups (rGO-PEG-NH2, PEG (polyethylene glycol)) were dispersed and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The influence of ionic strength on molecular interaction with DNA was examined by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) comparing fluorescence intensity and anisotropy. Results indicated an effect of graphene functionalization, dispersion and concentration-dependent quenching, with GO and GO-COOH having the highest quenching abilities for FAM-DNA. Furthermore, GO and GO-COOH quenching was accentuated by the addition of either MgCl2 or MgSO4 cations. At 10 mM MgCl2 or MgSO4, the cDNA induced a decrease in fluorescence signal that was 2.7-fold for GO, 3.4-fold for GO-COOH and 4.1-fold for rGO-PEG-NH2. Best results, allowing accurate target detection, were observed when selecting rGO-PEG-NH2, MgCl2 and fluorescence anisotropy as an advantageous combination suitable for nucleic acid detection and further rational design biosensor development.

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Nano-bio compatibility of PEGylated reduced graphene oxide on mesenchymal stem cells

Cited by 22 publications

References 38 publications

<p>Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Functionalized Graphene Oxide in Tissue Engineering: A Review on Recent Advances</p>

<p>Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Functionalized Graphene Oxide in Tissue Engineering: A Review on Recent Advances</p>

Graphene Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Biocompatibility, and Cytotoxicity

Optical Graphene-Based Biosensor for Nucleic Acid Detection; Influence of Graphene Functionalization and Ionic Strength

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