“…H 2 O 2 is a byproduct of multiple enzymatic pathways that regulate an array of cellular operations, including cell motility, differentiation, and proliferation. At lower intracellular concentrations (10 –8 M), it governs proliferation of cells; at 10 –6 M, it induces cell growth arrest; and at 10 –4 M, it causes cell death. , However, at higher doses, H 2 O 2 causes irreversible sulfinic and sulfonic connection formation, irrevocably harming proteins and other components in the cell. This gives rise to a variety of medical problems, such as aging, cardiovascular disease, inflammation, neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, and so on. , Furthermore, H 2 O 2 serves as a mediator molecule for the indirect sensing of glucose, excessive levels of which cause various disorders, including diabetes, a global health problem. − There are multiple analytical approaches for detecting H 2 O 2 , including spectrometry, fluorimetry, titrimetry, chromatography, and electrochemical techniques. , However, electrochemical approaches have been widely used due to their promptness, cost effectiveness, selectivity, simplicity, and high accuracy.…”