Nano‐dispersion of organo‐modified nanofiller in partially fluorinated matrix as the polymer/magnetic nanoparticle composites

Abstract

A transparent and flexible crystalline polymer nanohybrid was fabricated, containing well-dispersed magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with organic chainmodified surfaces. The partially fluorinated copolymer matrix used is composed of switchboard-type lamellae. These become transparent owing to the creation of high-density amorphous regions on drawing the corresponding film at just below the polymer melting point. Although the creation of oleo-and hydrophobic fluorinated polymer/organo-modified MNP nanohybrids is generally difficult, formation via melt compounding was confirmed using wide-angle X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis. On organo-modification of the hydroxyl-terminated MNP surface with long-chain fatty acids, the resulting improvement in wettability aids the dispersion of the particles and hence maintains transparency. Nano-dispersion of the organo-filler was considered to result from surface modification-induced improvement of particle miscibility and melt compounding. These nanohybrids have enhanced thermal degradation temperatures and mechanical properties, derived from the nucleation effect caused by the adsorption of the terminal polymer chains onto the organic modifier. POLYM. COMPOS., 00:000-000, FIG. 2. (a) DSC thermogram of neat P(VDF-TeFE) and (b) TG curves of oMNPs with estimated values of surface-modification rate. [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com] FIG. 4. (a) Photographs of drawn (five times) and undrawn P(VDF-TeFE) nanohybrids containing 0.2 wt% oMNPs. (b) Schematic illustration of the changes in lamellae arrangement by the high-temperature drawing. [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com] 6 POLYMER COMPOSITES-2017 FIG. 5. (a) WAXD profiles of organo-Fe 3 O 4 (5 nm), neat P(VDF-TeFE), and P(VDF-TeFE) nanohybrids containing 0.2 and 0.5 wt% organo-Fe 3 O 4 (5 nm). (b) Schematic illustration of the layered structure of oMNPs, and their dispersion state in the matrix. [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com] FIG. 7. (a) The content of oMNPs in the polymer matrix versus crystallite size obtained with the Scherrer equation. (b) Schematic illustration of the changes in crystallite size along the ab-plane induced by oMNP addition. [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]

Preparation and mechanical properties of fluoropolymer composite containing polyrotaxane and nanocellulose as organic fillers

“…25,26 However, PVDF also exhibits phase separation characteristics, making it difficult to enhance its mechanical properties by adding of fillers or preparing polymer blends. 27 However, because it partially contains hydrocarbon components, it has the potential to achieve enhanced physical properties depending on the combination of the matrix polymer and filler. Some studies have reported the preparation of composite materials using PVDF or P(VDF-TeFE) as a matrix and the introduction of fluorocarbon chain-modified carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) or nanodiamonds as inorganic fillers (Figure 1A).…”

“…PVDF is a fluoropolymer with great potential for enhancing its physical properties because of its solubility in solvents and melting point 25,26 . However, PVDF also exhibits phase separation characteristics, making it difficult to enhance its mechanical properties by adding of fillers or preparing polymer blends 27 . However, because it partially contains hydrocarbon components, it has the potential to achieve enhanced physical properties depending on the combination of the matrix polymer and filler.…”

Nanofiller dispersing, drawn orientation, and mechanical properties of polymer‐based composites via organo‐modification of single‐walled carbon nanotubes obtained by two‐types of manufacturing processes

“…On the other hand, most composite materials composed of matrix organic polymers and inorganic particles are immiscible. [ 25 ] Organo‐modification of the surface of inorganic particles is effective in suppressing phase separation, obtaining dispersibility, and in improving the mechanical characteristics of the resulting polymer composite. [ 26 ] Even in the fields of chemistry such as in organic synthesis, the introduction of long‐chain alkyl groups may be attempted to increase the solubility of compounds in solvents.…”

Study on the improvement of dispersibility and orientation control of fluorocarbon‐modified single‐walled carbon nanotubes in a fluorinated polymer matrix

“…[ 28–30 ] However, as mentioned above, there are generally few examples of improving the function of fluorinated crystalline polymers by compounding because of their phase separation characteristics. Therefore, attempts have been made to prepare nanocomposites by mixing oxide‐inorganic nanoparticles [ 31 ] and nanocarbon materials, [ 32,33 ] of which the surfaces have been chemically modified by a fluorocarbon‐based surfactant, with a fluorinated polymer via a simple melt‐compounding method. [ 34 ] Single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), [ 35,36 ] which have an elegant one‐dimensional structure, [ 37 ] high functionality, [ 38 ] and outstanding aggregation characteristics, have been used in nanocomposite preparation with incompatible fluorocarbon‐based polymers using the same method (Figure 1, middle part).…”