Nano/macro-hardness and fracture resistance of Si3N4/SiC composites with up to 13wt.% of SiC nano-particles

Balog, Miroslav; Kečkéš, Jozef; Schöberl, Thomas; Galusek, Dušan; Hofer, Ferdinand; Křesťan, Jan; Lenčéš, Zoltán; Huang, Jow–Lay; Šajgalı́k, Pavol

doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2006.08.010

Cited by 27 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In this case, they mainly serve the purpose of reducing the shrinkage of the component upon ceramization and eliminate the presence of macrodefects (cracks or large pores), by providing means of escape for the gases generated during pyrolysis 266 . On the other hand, silazane mixed with silicon nitride powders leads, after hot pressing at high temperature, to micro/nanocomposites in which SiC nanoparticles are located both inter‐ and intra‐granularly 267 . The added ceramic powders can also constitute the majority of the volume of the final part, and therefore in this case the preceramic polymer merely acts as a low‐loss binder allowing the achievement of higher densities in the final ceramic compared with conventional polymeric binders.…”

Section: Processing Of Preceramic Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer‐Derived Ceramics: 40 Years of Research and Innovation in Advanced Ceramics

Colombo

Mera

Riedel

et al. 2010

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

1,551

582

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Preceramic polymers were proposed over 30 years ago as precursors for the fabrication of mainly Si-based advanced ceramics, generally denoted as polymer-derived ceramics (PDCs). The polymer to ceramic transformation process enabled significant technological breakthroughs in ceramic science and technology, such as the development of ceramic fibers, coatings, or ceramics stable at ultrahigh temperatures (up to 20001C) with respect to decomposition, crystallization, phase separation, and creep. In recent years, several important advances have been achieved such as the discovery of a variety of functional properties associated with PDCs. Moreover, novel insights into their structure at the nanoscale level have contributed to the fundamental understanding of the various useful and unique features of PDCs related to their high chemical durability or high creep resistance or semiconducting behavior. From the processing point of view, preceramic polymers have been used as reactive binders to produce technical ceramics, they have been manipulated to allow for the formation of ordered pores in the meso-range, they have been tested for joining advanced ceramic components, and have been processed into bulk or macroporous components. Consequently, possible fields of applications of PDCs have been extended significantly by the recent research and development activities. Several key engineering fields suitable for application of PDCs include high-temperature-resistant materials (energy materials, automotive, aerospace, etc.), hard materials, chemical engineering (catalyst support, food- and biotechnology, etc.), or functional materials in electrical engineering as well as in micro/ nanoelectronics. The science and technological development of PDCs are highly interdisciplinary, at the forefront of micro- and nanoscience and technology, with expertise provided by chemists, physicists, mineralogists, and materials scientists, and engineers. Moreover, several specialized industries have already commercialized components based on PDCs, and the production and availability of the precursors used has dramatically increased over the past few years. In this feature article, we highlight the following scientific issues related to advanced PDCs research: (1) General synthesis procedures to produce silicon-based preceramic polymers. (2) Special microstructural features of PDCs. (3) Unusual materials properties of PDCs, that are related to their unique nanosized microstructure that makes preceramic polymers of great and topical interest to researchers across a wide spectrum of disciplines. (4) Processing strategies to fabricate ceramic components from preceramic polymers. (5) Discussion and presentation of several examples of possible real-life applications that take advantage of the special characteristics of preceramic polymers. Note: In the past, a wide range of specialized international symposia have been devoted to PDCs, in particular organized by the American Ceramic Society, the European Materials Society, and the Materials Research S...

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Section: Processing Of Preceramic Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer‐Derived Ceramics: 40 Years of Research and Innovation in Advanced Ceramics

Colombo

Mera

Riedel

et al. 2010

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

1,551

582

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…To obtain high‐quality final products, the SiC nanoparticles must be uniformly dispersed in the composite powder. The methods reported for the fabrication of the nanocomposite powders have included chemical vapor deposition 6 from or pyrolysis 4,7 of organic precursors (to make amorphous Si–N–C powders, which crystallize into Si 3 N 4 /SiC nanocomposites during sintering), mechanical mixing of a Si 3 N 4 micro/nanopowder with a SiC nanopowder 8 or an Si–N–C amorphous powder, 9 adding carbon to a Si 3 N 4 powder (SiC nanoparticles are produced in situ during sintering through the reaction between the carbon and the silica located on the surface of the Si 3 N 4 particles), 10,11 partial reaction of a Si 3 N 4 powder with pyrolyzed carbon, 12–14 nitridation of SiC, 15 and carbothermal reaction of a mixture of silica and carbon powders in a nitrogen atmosphere 16,17 . Among these approaches, the use of amorphous Si–N–C powders has achieved the most uniform distribution of SiC, and consequently excellent mechanical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbothermal Reaction of Silica–Phenol Resin Hybrid Gels to Produce Silicon Nitride/Silicon Carbide Nanocomposite Powders

Riedel

2007

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

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A carbothermal reaction of silica–phenol resin hybrid gels prepared from a two‐step sol–gel process was conducted in atmospheric nitrogen. The gels were first pyrolyzed into homogeneous silica–carbon mixtures during heating and subsequently underwent a carbothermal reaction at higher temperatures. Using a gel‐derived precursor with a C/SiO2 molar ratio higher than 3.0, Si3N4/SiC nanocomposite powders were produced at 1500°–1550°C, above the Si3N4–SiC boundary temperature. The predominant phase was Si3N4 at 1500°C, and SiC at 1550°C. The Si3N4 and SiC phase contents were adjustable by varying the temperature in this narrow range. The phase contents could also be adjusted by changing the starting carbon contents, or by its combination with varying reaction temperature. A two‐stage process, i.e., a reaction first at 1550°C and then at 1500°C, offered another means of simple and effective control of the phase composition: the Si3N4 and SiC contents varied almost linearly with the variation of the holding time at 1550°C. The SiC was nanosized (∼13 nm, Scherrer method) formed via a solid–gas reaction, while the Si3N4 has two morphologies: elongated microsized crystals and nanosized crystallites, with the former crystallized via a gaseous reaction, and the latter formed via a solid–gas reaction. The addition of a Si3N4 powder as a seed to the starting gel effectively reduced the size of the Si3N4 produced.

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“…Therefore, the improvement in Vickers hardness of the Si 3 N 4 @rGO nanocomposites can be explained by the observation that rGO can lead to microstructure refinement, which can increase the hardness by hindering the dislocation motion within the Si 3 N 4 grains. 41,42 However, the introduction of rGO sheets may increase the porosity of the nanocomposites. From the results in Table 1, the introduction of rGO affected the density of the composite, and an increased amount of rGO slightly reduced the relative density of the composite from 99.79% to 99.06%, which may result in a decrease in the hardness of the composites.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the relative density of the Si 3 N 4 @ rGO nanocomposites decreased slightly with increasing rGO content, because the rGO sheets tended to be distributed in the grain boundaries, which hindered the densification of the Si 3 N 4 @rGO nanocomposites during the sintering process. 41,42 However, the introduction of rGO sheets may increase the porosity of the nanocomposites. The Vickers hardness results, shown in Table 2, show that the hardness values of the Si 3 N 4 @rGO nanocomposites first increased from 16.6 to 18.6 GPa as the rGO content increased from 0 to 0.75 wt.%, respectively, and then decreased slightly as the rGO content increased from 0.75 to 2.25 wt.%.…”

Section: F I G U R E 4 (A) Tem and (B-d)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and mechanical properties of Si₃N₄ nanocomposites reinforced by Si₃N₄@rGO particles

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2019

J Am Ceram Soc

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A new type of reduced graphene oxide‐encapsulated silicon nitride (Si3N4@rGO) particle was synthesized via an electrostatic interaction between amino‐functionalized Si3N4 particles and graphene oxide (GO). Subsequently, the Si3N4@rGO particles were incorporated into a Si3N4 matrix as a reinforcing phase to prepare nanocomposites, and their influence on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the Si3N4 ceramics was investigated in detail. The microstructure analysis showed that the rGO sheets were uniformly distributed throughout the matrix and firmly bonded to the Si3N4 grains to form a three‐dimensional carbon network structure. This unique structure effectively increased the contact area and load transfer efficiency between the rGO sheets and the matrix, which in turn had a significant impact on the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites. The results showed that the nanocomposites with 2.25 wt.% rGO sheets exhibited mechanical properties that were superior to monolithic Si3N4; the flexural strength increased by 83.5% and reached a maximum value of 1116.4 MPa, and the fracture toughness increased by 67.7% to 10.35 MPa·m1/2.

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Nano/macro-hardness and fracture resistance of Si3N4/SiC composites with up to 13wt.% of SiC nano-particles

Cited by 27 publications

References 23 publications

Polymer‐Derived Ceramics: 40 Years of Research and Innovation in Advanced Ceramics

Polymer‐Derived Ceramics: 40 Years of Research and Innovation in Advanced Ceramics

Carbothermal Reaction of Silica–Phenol Resin Hybrid Gels to Produce Silicon Nitride/Silicon Carbide Nanocomposite Powders

Preparation and mechanical properties of Si₃N₄ nanocomposites reinforced by Si₃N₄@rGO particles

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Nano/macro-hardness and fracture resistance of Si3N4/SiC composites with up to 13wt.% of SiC nano-particles

Cited by 27 publications

References 23 publications

Polymer‐Derived Ceramics: 40 Years of Research and Innovation in Advanced Ceramics

Polymer‐Derived Ceramics: 40 Years of Research and Innovation in Advanced Ceramics

Carbothermal Reaction of Silica–Phenol Resin Hybrid Gels to Produce Silicon Nitride/Silicon Carbide Nanocomposite Powders

Preparation and mechanical properties of Si3N4 nanocomposites reinforced by Si3N4@rGO particles

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Preparation and mechanical properties of Si₃N₄ nanocomposites reinforced by Si₃N₄@rGO particles