Nano‐purification of raw semen minimises oxidative stress with improvement in post‐thaw quality of buffalo spermatozoa

Abstract

The dead and damaged spermatozoa present in the fresh ejaculates are carried passively along with the live ones into the processed semen. Such dead and damaged spermatozoa are primarily responsible for the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The detrimental effect by way of oxidative stress on the contemporary live spermatozoa results in poor fertility (Roca, Martinez-Alborcia, Gil, Parrilla, & Martinez, 2013). Since the buffalo spermatozoa show high lipid peroxidation (LPO) rate (Nair, Brar, Ahuja, Sangha, & Chaudhary, 2006), comparatively reduced activity of existing antioxidant system (Nair et al., 2006), high content of membrane polyunsaturated fatty acids (Dawra, Sharma, & Makkar, 1983) and increased susceptibility to osmotic stress the damage owing to oxidative stress is exaggerated (Kadirvel, Kumar, & Kumaresan, 2009). The nuclear integrity as well as plasma membrane fluidity is also affected by LPO is another consequence of concern (Roca et al., 2013). In live spermatozoa, production of free radicals is of mitochondrial origin, mostly for the physiological processes. However, the imbalance of free radicals arise either due to excessive production intracellularly under physiological situations

Synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles–antiubiquitin antibodies conjugates for depletion of dead/damaged spermatozoa from buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) semen

“…It was observed that in the pellet left in test tube post nanopurification, there were clumps of dead and damaged spermatozoa bound with NPs. This observation draws supports from the findings of other investigations on the nanopurification of semen in different species [19,21,[46][47][48].…”

Implications of cryopreservation on structural and functional attributes of bovine spermatozoa: An overview

“…The magnetic NPs did not impair the spermatozoa motility and their ability to fertilise oocytes (Ben-David Makhluf et al, 2006). The IONPs combined with 2.0 μg/ml anti-ubiquitin antibodies can be an efficient dose to decimate dead and impaired spermatozoa, reduce oxidative stress and increase the quality of post-thaw buffalo spermatozoa (Bisla et al, 2020). Understanding reactive oxidants and antioxidant | 9 of 16 status in extended semen and analysing their concentrations help in the in vitro manipulation of semen for ART (Aliakbari et al, 2016;Najafi, Adutwum, et al, 2018).…”

A review on applications and toxicities of metallic nanoparticles in mammalian semen biology

“…NPs are conjugated with different ligands via ionic, hydrophobic, dative binding which is called as bio‐conjugation and it forms a basis of their many bio‐medical applications. Bio‐conjugation of NPs with antibodies (Abs), surface biomarkers & drugs is used in cancer diagnosis, drug delivery and other diagnostic & therapeutic applications (Bisla, Rautela, et al, 2020). NPs have different applications in the field of medical and veterinary sciences.…”

“…NPs have different applications in the field of medical and veterinary sciences. The emerging trends of using the NPs in the semen biology for various applications like depletion of dead/moribund and spermatozoa with various surface damages/alterations from the ejaculates (Nano‐purification of semen) (Odhiambo et al, 2014; Feugang et al, 2015; Durfey, Swistek, et al, 2017; Bisla, Rautela, et al, 2020; Bisla, Rautela, et al, 2021), bio‐imaging of gametes (Barchanski et al, 2015; Vasquez et al, 2016), sex‐sorting of semen (Domínguez et al, 2018; Moradi et al, 2021) and evaluation of male infertility using different biomarkers (Vidya & Saji, 2018) have opened the tremendous opportunities in the reproductive biology.…”

“…NPs after bio‐conjugation with various negative fertility biomarkers like Abs (e.g., Anti‐ubiquitin Abs), various biomarkers for selective acrosome damage like glycans binding lectins like Pisum satium agglutinin (PSA), Peanut agglutinin (PNA) and Lens cullinaris have been used for nano‐purification of semen and other procedures (Bisla, Rautela, et al, 2020; Bisla, Rautela, et al, 2021; Odhiambo et al, 2014). Several types of NPs have been used as an antioxidant, as well as for their antimicrobial properties thus paving the way for the spermatozoa quality and male fertility assessment and improvement.…”