Nano-scale wear: A critical review on its measuring methods and parameters affecting nano-tribology

Abstract

This paper presents a critical review on the measuring methods and parameters affecting nano-tribology in the context of nano-scale wear. Nano-scale wear phenomena play a crucial role in various industries, including micro/nano-systems, electronics, and biotechnology. The review begins by discussing the significance of nano-scale wear and its impact on device performance, lifespan, durability, energy efficiency, cost savings, and environmental sustainability. It then delves into the measuring methods employed to assess nano-scale wear, including scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques such as atomic force microscopy (AFM) and friction force microscopy (FFM). The capabilities of AFM and FFM in studying the roughness of surface, adhesion, friction, scratch, abrasion, and nano-scale material transfer are highlighted. Additionally, the review explores the parameters affecting nano-wear, such as lubrication strategies, stress levels, sliding velocity, and atomic-scale reactions. The article concludes by emphasizing the importance of advanced microscopy techniques in understanding tribological mechanisms at different scales, bridging the gap between macro and nano-tribology studies.

Exploring the Impact of Additives on Tribological Characteristics in Lubricating Oils: A Critical Review

“…Rubbing action was reduced by more than two-fold, and wear exhibited a noteworthy decrease ranging from 5 to 9 times. The study discovered that either the adhesion of thin MoS2 nano-sheets through one of the four proposed submechanisms or the compaction and deformation of nanotube aggregates, resulting in the formation of a more substantial boundary film, were accountable for the protective and lowshear film formation on the surface [37,38]. The analysis in this case disproved the possibility of nanotube rolling, highlighting the fact that the exfoliation and deformation of the nanotubes were the main consequences in the boundaryoiling domain [39].…”

“…In an analysis conducted by Sadeghi et al [37], an analysis was undertaken to evaluate the tribological effectiveness of multi-wall nanotubes composed of MoS2 as a prospective supplement in lubricating oils. Tests were carried out under boundary-lubrication conditions; apply a contact pressure of 1 GPa and 0.005 m/s of sliding velocity through a ball-on-disc tribometer.…”